{
  "abstract": "We investigate the fully nonlinear dynamics of Einstein-Maxwell-scalar black holes in the low-mass, near-extremal region of the solution space, which is difficult to access with conventional positive-energy perturbations. An independent phantom field is introduced as a controllable negative-energy channel, and its initial amplitude is varied while the remaining parameters of the initial data are held fixed. The phantom contribution is concentrated during the early-time infall and reduces the quasi-local mass in the black-hole region at fixed electric charge, thereby allowing the evolution to approach near-extremal configurations. Near a critical amplitude $p_\\ast$, evolutions on both sides of the threshold enter the same long-lived scalarized intermediate stage before separating toward either a near-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole or a nonextremal hairy black hole. The residence time near this intermediate stage obeys the logarithmic scaling law of Type I critical behavior, and the growth rate extracted from the departure is consistent with the inverse lifetime coefficient. The intermediate stage is characterized by a small horizon surface gravity and finite horizon curvature, with no curvature blow-up resolved at the horizon during the simulated interval. These results demonstrate that phantom-assisted negative-energy transport provides a dynamical route into the near-extremal sector of the EMS solution space and reveals a threshold-mediated transition between bald and hairy black-hole end states.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2611.00792",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Zhen-Kun Jia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lin Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Peng-Cheng Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cheng-Yong Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/63p6vhqrbebnt.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2611.00792",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "63p6vhqrbebnt",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00792",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "gr-qc"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2611.00792",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/63p6vhqrbebnt.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:20:59Z",
      "native_id": "2611.00792",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00792"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:gr-qc",
      "subfield": "gravitation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Near-extremal critical dynamics driven by a phantom field in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory",
  "title_text": "Near-extremal critical dynamics driven by a phantom field in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T15:20:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/63p6vhqrbebnt",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}