{
  "abstract": "Human behaviors, particularly nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), are dynamically coupled with epidemic spreading. However, most models assume a linear relationship between perceived risk and infection rates, failing to capture the nonlinear nature of real-world behavioral responses. Here, we propose a behavioral epidemic model by incorporating nonlinear feedback and social influence, and analytically derive its critical thresholds. Notably, once the infection rate exceeds a critical threshold, the fraction of NPI adopters abruptly drops to zero, in contrast to classic findings in linear models. This paradoxical decline indicates a social dilemma: While abandoning NPIs is individually optimal at high infection rates, it collectively triggers an explosive epidemic surge. Furthermore, as the intensity of social influence increases, the system undergoes a Hopf bifurcation leading to periodic oscillations, which reflects a vicious cycle of recurrent epidemic waves. Finally, we confirm the robustness of this NPI-abandonment dilemma in networked populations. Our work illustrates rich emergent dynamics, challenging traditional perspectives on behavioral epidemiology.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Beihang University",
    "Beijing Academy of Blockchain and Edge Computing",
    "Beijing Wuzi University",
    "Binzhou Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Longzhao Liu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3537-0891"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hongwei Zheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yajing Hao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qun Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6859-4859"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xin Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Shaoting Tang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1916-3072"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/642bv8sdkypky.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1103/zrk4-g7fj",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "642bv8sdkypky",
  "issns": [
    "2643-1564"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/zrk4-g7fj",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7164330853",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "American Physical Society (APS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/642bv8sdkypky.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:55Z",
      "native_id": "10.1103/zrk4-g7fj",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/zrk4-g7fj"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Emergent dilemma and periodic oscillation in behavioral epidemics with nonlinear feedback",
  "title_text": "Emergent dilemma and periodic oscillation in behavioral epidemics with nonlinear feedback",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:55Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/642bv8sdkypky",
  "venue": "Physical Review Research",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2606.12013",
      "pid": "asr7mcn70d1bt",
      "relation": "preprint",
      "title": "Emergent dilemma and periodic oscillation in the nonlinear interplay between epidemic and behavior",
      "venue": "arXiv"
    }
  ]
}