{
  "abstract": "Polygonum perfoliatum L. is a medicinal plant rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, but severe peak overlap in one-dimensional liquid chromatography (1D-LC) hinders the separation of antioxidants. We developed an offline comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection (LC×LC-ECD) platform with high orthogonality and sensitive electrochemical response for screening of antioxidants. Identification was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS), and quantification was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). A total of 63 antioxidants were annotated, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids, with caffeoyl and quercetin derivatives most abundant. The first-dimension fractions exhibited radical scavenging capacity, and their peak areas were positively correlated with the activity, with correlation coefficients of 0.9697 (p < 0.001) for 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 0.9688 (p < 0.001) for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The 11 major compounds were quantitatively analyzed. Tartroylcaffeic acid and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide predominated, with average contents of 5101.7–29,296.2 µg/g and 3876.9–21,535.2 µg/g, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that geographical origin influenced compound profiles, highlighting the need for source-specific evaluation. This offline LC×LC-ECD strategy overcomes the separation bottlenecks of 1D-LC in complex plant extracts and provides a new paradigm for systematic antioxidant screening and activity-guided separation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China",
    "School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wei Pan",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-4781-0281"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xing-Rui Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hai-Yan Gong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zheng-Yan Tan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Pei Xu",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-0453-520X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Piao Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-4207-1538"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xing-Qin Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cheng Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ya-Ping Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Rong-Xiang Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5448-5192"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/646x8fgzjvbnp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/molecules31203612",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13707955/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "646x8fgzjvbnp",
  "issns": [
    "1420-3049"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3612",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2704|Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221504445",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13707955/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13707955",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/646x8fgzjvbnp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/molecules31203612",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3612"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13707955",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13707955"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2704|Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Screening of Phenolic Antioxidant Components in Polygonum perfoliatum L. Using LC×LC-ECD and UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS",
  "title_text": "Screening of Phenolic Antioxidant Components in Polygonum perfoliatum L. Using LC×LC-ECD and UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/646x8fgzjvbnp",
  "venue": "Molecules",
  "versions": []
}