{
  "abstract": "Red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is a clinically significant complication in transfused patients whose immunological determinants remain incompletely understood. Type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling drives RBC alloimmunization in murine models, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by constitutive IFN-I hyperactivation alongside elevated alloimmunization rates. We analyzed three publicly available SLE RNA-seq cohorts (GSE72509, GSE112087, GSE122459; whole blood and PBMC; total n = 150 SLE) in a pre-specified discovery–replication–validation design. A 14-gene IFN-I signature score was computed per sample; differential expression, gene set enrichment analysis, and Spearman correlation were performed independently per cohort. IFN-I scores were significantly elevated in SLE versus healthy controls in all three cohorts (p < 0.01 each). IFN-high SLE patients showed 665 differentially expressed genes, with enrichment of alloimmunization-associated and plasmablast differentiation gene sets confirmed by GSEA. The alloimmunization signature score correlated significantly with IFN-I score across all three independent cohorts (ρ = +0.77, + 0.51, + 0.60; all FDR q < 0.05); Tfh differentiation showed no association in any cohort. These findings suggest that IFN-I pathway activity in SLE is associated with an alloimmunization-prone transcriptomic landscape, To our knowledge, this represents the first human transcriptomic evidence that IFN-I pathway activity in SLE is coupled to alloimmunization-associated immune programs in vivo. These findings identify IFN-I score as a candidate biomarker of alloimmunization susceptibility in SLE and provide translational rationale for prospective studies incorporating transfusion outcome data.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Laboratory Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jaeeun Yoo"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6665013wycfxr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0347443",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6665013wycfxr",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0347443",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2745|Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Proteins/Immune system proteins/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Proteins/Interferons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Computational biology/Genome analysis/Transcriptome analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Developmental biology/Cell differentiation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Gene expression"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics/Genome analysis/Transcriptome analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Immunology/Clinical immunology/Autoimmune diseases/Lupus erythematosus/Systemic lupus erythematosus"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Immunology/Immune system proteins/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Immunology/Immune system/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Immune physiology/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Clinical medicine/Clinical immunology/Autoimmune diseases/Lupus erythematosus/Systemic lupus erythematosus"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine/Clinical laboratory sciences/Transfusion medicine/Blood transfusion"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Hematology/Transfusion medicine/Blood transfusion"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Immunology/Clinical immunology/Autoimmune diseases/Lupus erythematosus/Systemic lupus erythematosus"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Immunology/Immune system proteins/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Immunology/Immune system/Complement system/Complement activation"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Rheumatology/Systemic lupus erythematosus"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213232721",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0347443&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-15",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6665013wycfxr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:49Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0347443",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0347443"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:anatomy",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Type I interferon signature strength correlates with alloimmunization-associated transcriptomic programs in systemic lupus erythematosus: A multi-cohort analysis",
  "title_text": "Type I interferon signature strength correlates with alloimmunization-associated transcriptomic programs in systemic lupus erythematosus: A multi-cohort analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6665013wycfxr",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}