{
  "abstract": "The history of smallpox vaccination demonstrates medical progress and international cooperation in the face of infectious diseases. This study examines the technological and logistical resources that enabled the preservation and transport of vaccine material between Europe and the Americas at the dawn of the nineteenth century. Drawing on primary and secondary sources, the study reconstructs the methods used to preserve the smallpox vaccine and the institutional networks that overcame technical and environmental challenges, offering a material and sociotechnical perspective that has been little explored in traditional historiography.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Research and teaching coordinator, Hospital Universitario del Vinalopó. Professor of health sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Alicante Campus. Elche - Alicante - Spain. jlduro@vinaloposalud.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "José Luis Duro-Torrijos",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2232-1492"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/67tshrxt5y682.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1590/s0104-59702026000100036en",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719173/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "67tshrxt5y682",
  "issns": [
    "0104-5970",
    "1678-4758"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719173",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Analysis"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1202|History of Medicine and Tropical Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223686350",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719173/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13719173",
  "pmid": "42961244",
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Casa de Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/67tshrxt5y682.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13719173",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719173"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:50Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42961244",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42961244"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:03Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13719173",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702026000100036en"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "heading:Analysis",
      "subfield": "analysis-pdes"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Technological resources during the early dissemination of the smallpox vaccine in Europe and the Americas*",
  "title_text": "Technological resources during the early dissemination of the smallpox vaccine in Europe and the Americas*",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:23:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/67tshrxt5y682",
  "venue": "Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos",
  "versions": []
}