{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nEndometrial cancer (EC) has a heterogeneous immune microenvironment, and response-associated biology remains incompletely characterized. We used the retained EC single-cell dataset to describe immune-cell states and complemented it with TCGA-UCEC, independent gut microbiome cohorts, and RL95-2 proof-of-concept experiments. All responder versus nonresponder scRNA-seq comparisons are descriptive and hypothesis generating because only one sample was available per clinical response group.Methods\n\nSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from EC patients undergoing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (GEO: GSE251923; one responder, GSM7990051, and one nonresponder, GSM7990052; 17,546 cells retained after quality control) were analyzed using Scanpy, Leiden clustering, and over-representation analysis with GO biological process, KEGG, and MSigDB Hallmark gene sets using Enrichr with Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Bulk RNA-seq from TCGA-UCEC (554 tumor and 35 normal samples) was used for complementary transcriptomic analysis. Gut microbiome 16S rRNA datasets (SRA: PRJNA897842 and PRJNA833670) were analyzed as independent cohorts, and RL95-2 qRT-PCR experiments were interpreted as proof-of-concept.Results\n\nTen major cell populations were identified in the EC immune microenvironment. In this single responder/nonresponder sample pair, the nonresponder sample showed patterns consistent with higher M2-associated macrophage marker expression, increased T-cell checkpoint/exhaustion marker expression, and lower cytotoxic activity scores. These observations are descriptive and cannot establish patient-level significance. TCGA-UCEC analyses and the independent microbiome and RL95-2 experiments provide complementary, hypothesis-generating evidence; no unverified classifier-performance estimate is reported.Conclusions\n\nThis study provides a hypothesis-generating description of immune patterns in one EC responder and one nonresponder sample, complemented by TCGA-UCEC, independent microbiome datasets, and RL95-2 proof-of-concept experiments. The findings nominate candidate immune, hormonal, and microbiome-associated pathways for further investigation but do not establish patient-level response differences, causality, or clinically validated biomarkers.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China uestc.edu.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaolan Ouyang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-1814-7288"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoli Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoxi Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Juan Wen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/68yachsn3nc41.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1155/ijog/5125648",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13677134",
  "id": "68yachsn3nc41",
  "issns": [
    "2314-436X",
    "2314-4378"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894744",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222873320",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13677134?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13677134",
  "pmid": "42894744",
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/68yachsn3nc41.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42894744",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894744"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Hypothesis-Generating Single-Cell Analysis of the Endometrial Cancer Immune Microenvironment With Complementary Multiomics Evidence.",
  "title_text": "Hypothesis-Generating Single-Cell Analysis of the Endometrial Cancer Immune Microenvironment With Complementary Multiomics Evidence.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/68yachsn3nc41",
  "venue": "International journal of genomics",
  "versions": []
}