{
  "abstract": "CONTEXT: Although the clinical use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated fixed lingual retainers has increased globally, evidence about their adoption among orthodontists in the Middle East remains limited. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate current knowledge levels, attitudes, and clinical practices of Iraqi orthodontists regarding CAD/CAM fixed lingual retainers and, which demographic or professional factors influence their clinical use. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed to the Iraqi orthodontists via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Only 12.6% of the participants had incorporated CAD/CAM retainers into routine clinical work. After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, CAD/CAM implementation remained significantly associated with practice setting. Orthodontists in private practice were the primary adopters of CAD/CAM technology. CONCLUSION: The preference of Iraqi orthodontists for CAD/CAM retention technology over conventional procedures remains limited. Expanding continuing education initiatives and including digital workflows training in postgraduate orthodontic programs may have potential for broader clinical implementation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Hiba M. Alkhateeb"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ali M. Al-Attar"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ae8v3r63bmer.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4103/jos.jos_199_25",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ovid.com/jnls/joos/fulltext/10.4103/jos.jos_199_25~clinical-integration-and-utilization-patterns-of",
  "id": "6ae8v3r63bmer",
  "issns": [
    "2278-1897",
    "2278-0203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_199_25",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RK1-715"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3505|Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213266267",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ae8v3r63bmer.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:43:56Z",
      "native_id": "805ac7dcdf6944e68139310907677bcb",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_199_25"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:RK1-715",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists",
  "title_text": "Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:43:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ae8v3r63bmer",
  "venue": "Journal of Orthodontic Science",
  "versions": []
}