{
  "abstract": "BackgroundSurfactant protein G (SP-G) is a recently characterized protein potentially involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. Its role in human neurodegenerative dementia remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the potential clinical relevance of CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia (ND; including Alzheimer's disease [AD] and frontotemporal dementia [FTD]), idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), vascular dementia (VaD), and clinical controls (CTR).MethodsCSF SP-G levels were quantified in 94 individuals: 35 with ND (11 AD + 24 FTD), 19 with iNPH, 13 with VaD, and 27 CTR. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA with post hoc tests. ANCOVA was performed to adjust for age.ResultsCSF SP-G levels differed significantly among groups in the primary analysis (ANOVA: F(3,90) = 3.862, p = 0.012), with higher levels in iNPH compared with ND (p = 0.012) and CTR (p = 0.026). No significant differences were observed between ND, VaD, and CTR groups. After adjustment for age, the group effect was no longer significant (F(3,89) = 2.253, p = 0.088).ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia. Our findings suggest that SP-G is more closely related to altered CSF physiology in iNPH than to neurodegenerative pathology, although the influence of age indicates that these observations should be interpreted with caution. SP-G may represent a candidate marker of CSF homeostasis and fluid dynamics. Larger, age-matched studies integrating SP-G with established CSF biomarkers and neuroimaging are needed to clarify its diagnostic and pathophysiological significance.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratorio di Ricerche di Neurobiologia Clinica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, VB, Italy.",
    "\"Rita Levi Montalcini\" Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.",
    "Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, VB, Italy."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Stefania Cattaldo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9513-5949"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Federica Scarpina",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4326-1596"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Elisa Prina",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6487-4810"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Paolo Piterà",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9637-0940"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alessandra Milesi",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-6697-9135"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Erica Sabattini",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-7272-7295"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Matteo Bigoni",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5902-657X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Corrado Azzaro",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2660-1966"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Luca Guglielmo Pradotto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Alessandro Mauro"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Lorenzo Priano",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7012-6501"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6aq851t20zcxx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1177/13872877261487596",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13675595",
  "id": "6aq851t20zcxx",
  "issns": [
    "1387-2877",
    "1875-8908"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847983",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2804|Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220989320",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13675595?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13675595",
  "pmid": "42847983",
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6aq851t20zcxx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:02Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42847983",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847983"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2804|Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cerebrospinal fluid surfactant protein-G in neurodegenerative dementia: A comparative study with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.",
  "title_text": "Cerebrospinal fluid surfactant protein-G in neurodegenerative dementia: A comparative study with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6aq851t20zcxx",
  "venue": "Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD",
  "versions": []
}