{
  "abstract": "This study aimed to investigate bioactive poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films incorporating three chemically distinct naturally phenolic additives—aronia extract (A), apple peel extract (AP), and rutin (R)—as individual functional modifiers for active packaging applications. Here, we studied how the chemical nature of these phenolic compounds influenced the physicochemical characteristics, structure, release behavior, and functional properties of the PVA matrix. The FTIR, SEM, AFM and XPS analyses revealed intermolecular interactions between the hydroxyl groups from the PVA matrix and the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups from phenolic compounds, a high degree of miscibility between them, as well as uniform dispersion of polyphenols in the PVA matrix. XRD analysis indicated the ability of phenolic compounds to change the PVA film’s crystallinity. The films showed very low permeability to castor oil and the UV-Vis light barrier property of the film modified with aronia extract was 47% higher as compared to the reference film. The phenolic compounds improved the antioxidant activity of the reference film by about 90% and inhibited the growth of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The modified films proved their functionality by keeping the quality of the butter packed for 43 days, demonstrating their potential as active packaging materials.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Sciences, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, Victoriei 76, 430072 Baia Mare, Romania",
    "Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia",
    "Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, P.O. Box 660, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia",
    "Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interface Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 42, Treboniu Laurian, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Institute for Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, Fântânele 30, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babeș 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 21,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lucica Maria Pop",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-4902-412X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lidija Jakobek",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4846-327X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Camelia Nicula",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8609-4682"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alexandra Maria Uivarasan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zorica Vosgan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Monica Liliana Marian",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5395-1569"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Goran Drazic"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Klara Magyari",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1770-8454"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Marieta Muresan-Pop",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4460-9654"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ioan Botiz",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8555-1084"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Milica Todea",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8958-4035"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Lucian Baia",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3196-4868"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cristina Mihali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Claudia Butean"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lucia Mihalescu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Oana Mare-Rosca"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Monica Tarau"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ionela Traistaru Marcu",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-3601-9710"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adrian Matei Cosma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Doina Boitor Hontau"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anca Peter",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0080-7296"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ceg0yzymszpa.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/polym18202519",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708831/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "6ceg0yzymszpa",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4360"
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  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2519",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2502|Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221765662",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708831/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708831",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ceg0yzymszpa.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/polym18202519",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2519"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13708831",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13708831"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2502|Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Structure–Property Relationships in Bioactive Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Films Incorporating Natural Phenolic Additives for Sustainable Active Packaging",
  "title_text": "Structure–Property Relationships in Bioactive Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Films Incorporating Natural Phenolic Additives for Sustainable Active Packaging",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ceg0yzymszpa",
  "venue": "Polymers",
  "versions": []
}