{
  "abstract": "This study investigates the potential of soot, a low-cost byproduct of incomplete combustion, as an effective adsorbent for the removal of rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was prepared from poultry heating furnace soot and characterized using SEM-EDX, particle size distribution, pH point zero charge, BET surface area, FTIR and XRD analysis. Results revealed a mesoporous structure (BET surface area: 249.19 m2 g−1, average pore diameter: 3.89 nm), and functional groups favorable to RhB adsorption. A Central Composite Design (CCD) under Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize process parameters (contact time, pH, initial concentration of RhB, and soot dosage). The model achieved high predictive accuracy (R2 = 98.87%), with adsorbent dosage and dye concentration identified as the most influential factors. Under optimized conditions, complete RhB removal (100%) was achieved under both neutral (95 min, pH 7, 147 mg L−1, 2 g L−1 adsorbent) and acidic environments (95 min, pH 3, 5 mg L−1, 2 g L−1 adsorbent). Compared to conventional activated carbons and other modified adsorbents reported in the published studies, soot achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 226.57 mg g−1, comparable to several higher-cost materials, without requiring chemical activation or synthesis, highlighting its potential as a low-cost alternative for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "LARHYSS Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, University of Biskra Algeria",
    "Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Valladolid Campus Miguel Delibes, Paseo de Belén 7 Valladolid 47011 Spain",
    "Materials Engineering, E.I.I., University of Valladolid Paseo Del Cauce 59 47011 Valladolid Spain",
    "Nuclear Research Center of Draria Algiers Algeria"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Soufiane Youcef",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6018-7941"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fadoua Nihad Chergui",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-6008-9819"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Leila Youcef",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0526-7129"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Beatriz Merillas",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2995-6412"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Amane Sahli",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5880-1829"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6dcy192qbpv1c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra04770j",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656030/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "6dcy192qbpv1c",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13656030",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221550528",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656030/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13656030",
  "pmid": "42866348",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6dcy192qbpv1c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13656030",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13656030"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13656030",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra04770j"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Waste-to-resource: utilizing soot as a performing adsorbent for rhodamine B. structural characterization and process optimization",
  "title_text": "Waste-to-resource: utilizing soot as a performing adsorbent for rhodamine B. structural characterization and process optimization",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:20:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6dcy192qbpv1c",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}