{
  "abstract": "Background: Gender equity, work-life balance, and career development have become important concerns in the medical profession. However, empirical evidence on how neuro-oncology professionals experience working conditions, career barriers, and perceived inequity remains limited.\n\nMethods: We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional, anonymous online survey of members of the Japan Society for Neuro-Oncology (JSNO) to evaluate working conditions, career-related concerns, job satisfaction, perceived workplace discrimination, and organizational challenges.\n\nResults: Among 292 respondents (response rate, 35.9%), the mean weekly working time was 56.7 h, and 45.5% worked ≥ 60 h per week. Women were markedly underrepresented in managerial/leadership positions (6.7% vs. 47.3%) and were more likely to hold part-time positions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female sex was independently associated with greater perceived workplace discrimination (OR 2.71, 95% CI [1.23–5.98], p = 0.013), after adjustment for working hours, caregiving experience, and managerial/leadership position. An age-by sex interaction was observed for career-related concerns: these increased with age among women but decreased among men. Longer working hours were associated with lower satisfaction with income, working hours, and work-life balance. Although workplace support systems are widely available, substantial perceptual gaps and workload redistribution challenges were identified.\n\nConclusion: These findings highlight persistent gender disparities and structural workforce challenges in Japanese neuro-oncology, underscoring the need for institutional strategies to promote sustainable workforce development and gender equity.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-026-03168-y.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Science Tokyo, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan",
    "Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan",
    "Department of Neurological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Akiko Higuchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kaoru Tamura",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7943-5458"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yuko Watanabe",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5703-9382"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Tatsuya Abe"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Mitsutoshi Nakada"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Shota Tanaka"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Yoshiko Okita"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Motoo Nagane"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Yuichi Hirose"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Takamitsu Fujimaki"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ehgtgfvt4k3g.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s10147-026-03168-y",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13710562/",
  "id": "6ehgtgfvt4k3g",
  "issns": [
    "1341-9625",
    "1437-7772"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-026-03168-y",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3318|Diversity and Career in Medicine"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7164127716",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10147-026-03168-y.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13710562",
  "pmid": "42611139",
  "published": "2026-08-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ehgtgfvt4k3g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:30Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13710562",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-026-03168-y"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Working conditions, career barriers and perceived equity among neuro-oncology professionals: insights from the Japan society for neuro-oncology (JSNO) gender equality and diversity committee survey",
  "title_text": "Working conditions, career barriers and perceived equity among neuro-oncology professionals: insights from the Japan society for neuro-oncology (JSNO) gender equality and diversity committee survey",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6ehgtgfvt4k3g",
  "venue": "International Journal of Clinical Oncology",
  "versions": []
}