{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Rhizosphere microorganisms contribute to soil phosphorus (P) transformation and plant P acquisition, but P-cycling microbial communities and functional associations across tobacco–safflower rotation fields remain poorly characterized.\n\nMethods: Twenty-one safflower rhizosphere soil samples were collected from seven tobacco–safflower rotation fields in Lijiang, China. Soil physicochemical properties were measured, and shotgun metagenomics was used to characterize P-cycling bacterial communities and genes associated with P solubilization, mineralization, regulation, and transport. Culturable phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were isolated, preliminarily assigned taxonomically using 16S rRNA gene sequences, and evaluated by plate and liquid-culture assays.\n\nResults: Soil properties and P-cycling bacterial communities showed pronounced between-field variation. Metagenomic screening identified 6,019 non-redundant gene sequences assigned to 38 predefined P-cycling KO terms, with 460 genus-level bacterial taxa. Among 124 taxa shared across all fields, Nocardioides, Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Gaiella , and Marmoricola were major dominant genera. PCoA and PERMANOVA showed significant field differences at the phylum ( R ² = 0.983, p = 0.001) and genus ( R ² = 0.964, p = 0.001) levels. Soil pH was associated with all four P-cycling functional modules. Exploratory random-forest analysis identified Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, Nocardioides , and Arthrobacter as candidate indicator taxa associated with variation in soil available P. Eighty-six culturable phosphate-solubilizing isolates representing 45 putative species-level taxa were obtained, with Streptomyces the most abundant genus (22.1%). Streptomyces isolates had solubilization index values of 1.10–1.89. The isolate with the highest SI, Streptomyces sp. LG-4, provisionally affiliated with S. endophyticus , reached a maximum net phosphate solubilization of 354.60 ± 7.22 mg L ⁻¹ on day 3.\n\nConclusion: Soil physicochemical heterogeneity, particularly pH, was associated with between-field differences in P-cycling microbial communities and metagenomically inferred functional potential. Because no non-rotation or monoculture controls were included, these patterns should be interpreted as field-associated variation rather than effects of the rotation system itself. Both metagenomic and culture-dependent analyses highlighted Streptomyces as a candidate group of interest, while Streptomyces sp. LG-4 showed phosphate-solubilizing capacity under laboratory conditions and requires further taxonomic and functional validation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Lijiang Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company",
    "Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "You Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yu Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhufeng Shi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zilin Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Te Pu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yanni Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ming Ni"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xun He"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chenying Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xuewei Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Peiwen Yang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6etj315h46jg1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fmicb.2026.1983930",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13686992",
  "id": "6etj315h46jg1",
  "issns": [
    "1664-302X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1983930/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221032555",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13686992?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13686992",
  "pmid": "42923215",
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6etj315h46jg1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:12Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fmicb.2026.1983930",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1983930/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42923215",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923215"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Metagenomic and culture-dependent characterization of between-field variation in phosphorus-cycling microbial communities and functional potential across tobacco–safflower rotation fields",
  "title_text": "Metagenomic and culture-dependent characterization of between-field variation in phosphorus-cycling microbial communities and functional potential across tobacco–safflower rotation fields",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6etj315h46jg1",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Microbiology",
  "versions": []
}