{
  "abstract": "Glaciers populate the mountain ranges of the western conterminous United States and despite their importance to alpine hydrology, their area and volume change have never been comprehensively evaluated. Our study shows that since the mid-twentieth century about one-quarter of the glaciers have disappeared and the overall area and volume are reduced by one-third. The pattern of glacier shrinkage suggests most glaciers in the conterminous United States are largely maintained by local topographic influences due to their small size. These results improve our understanding of evolving high alpine hydrology and importance to ecosystem processes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Geology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201",
    "United States Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK 99508",
    "Department of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada",
    "Hakai Institute, Campbell River, BC V9W 0B7, Canada"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Andrew G. Fountain",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5299-2273"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bryce Glenn"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Christopher McNeil",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4170-0428"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Brian Menounos",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3370-4392"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hv694q2x77ad.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2600941123",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13715831/",
  "id": "6hv694q2x77ad",
  "issns": [
    "0027-8424",
    "1091-6490"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2600941123",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "413"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Physical Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1902|Cryospheric studies and observations"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221541914",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2600941123",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715831",
  "pmid": "42863089",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "National Academy of Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hv694q2x77ad.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:01Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13715831",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2600941123"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1902|Cryospheric studies and observations",
      "subfield": "atmospheric"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Extensive glacier loss in the coterminous United States",
  "title_text": "Extensive glacier loss in the coterminous United States",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:23:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hv694q2x77ad",
  "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
  "versions": []
}