{
  "abstract": "Background: Several models have been developed for early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the first trimester; however, many rely on biochemical markers or are unsuitable for low-resource settings. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple first-trimester clinical risk score (FTRS) for early prediction of GDM using routinely available clinical variables.\n\nMethods: In this prospective cohort study, 730 pregnant women presenting before 14 weeks’ gestation at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India were enrolled. GDM was diagnosed using the Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India (DIPSI) criteria based on a 75-g oral glucose challenge test performed at three time points during pregnancy. Eight clinical predictors were evaluated using multivariable Poisson regression. Equal- weighted and weighted FTRS models were developed and assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.\n\nResults: GDM developed in 271 (37.1%) participants. Eight clinical predictors were incorporated into the FTRS. The equal-weighted score (cut-off ≥ 3) achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.74, with 66.8% sensitivity and 82.9% specificity. The weighted score (cut-off ≥ 10) showed slightly better performance, with an AUC of 0.77, 70.2% sensitivity, and 83.4% specificity.\n\nConclusion: The first-trimester clinical risk score (FTRS) is a simple, practical, and non-invasive tool for early prediction of GDM using routinely available clinical variables. Its ease of application makes it particularly suitable for early risk stratification and targeted screening in low-resource settings.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India",
    "Department of Pharmacology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sasmita Dash",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-9481-7880"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mohini",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7247-2715"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Manika Bose",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0848-0315"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Asima Das",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2752-4915"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hzpa2km8g6en.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13098-026-02257-2",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13737951/",
  "id": "6hzpa2km8g6en",
  "issns": [
    "1758-5996"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-026-02257-2",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2729|Gestational Diabetes Research and Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7201890585",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13737951",
  "pmid": "42983588",
  "published": "2026-08-07",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hzpa2km8g6en.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:02Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13737951",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-026-02257-2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2729|Gestational Diabetes Research and Management",
      "subfield": "reproductive-child"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Development and validation of a First Trimester Clinical Risk Score (FTRS) for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus in a low-resource setting: an observational cohort study",
  "title_text": "Development and validation of a First Trimester Clinical Risk Score (FTRS) for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus in a low-resource setting: an observational cohort study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6hzpa2km8g6en",
  "venue": "Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome",
  "versions": []
}