{
  "abstract": "This study investigated the microwave/ultrasound-assisted synthesis of a new O/N-rich oxazolone–polyamide framework and its Fe(III)-coordinated metallopolymer for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. The oxazolone precursor was prepared using microwave irradiation at 300 W for 10-15 min, followed by ultrasound activation at 40 kHz for 20 min, giving a yield of approximately 70%, while the reduced diamine monomer was obtained in 66% yield. The resulting NH-OXAZAM-CO polymer was further coordinated with Fe(III) to produce Fe-(NH-OXAZAM-CO), containing abundant amide, oxazolone, carbonyl, and nitrogen donor sites. The prepared materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Cu(II) adsorption was evaluated using synthetic CuSO 4 solutions under controlled conditions: adsorbent dose 1.0 g L −1 , particle size 125–250 μm, initial Cu(II) concentration 10–50 mg L −1 , pH 5.5 ± 0.1, ionic strength 0.01 M NaNO 3 , and temperature 25 ± 1 °C. The Langmuir model provided the best fit, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 54.9 mg/g, a Langmuir constant of 0.1689, a separation factor of 0.10, and a correlation coefficient of R 2 = 0.9999, confirming favorable monolayer adsorption on finite active sites. The Temkin model also showed acceptable fitting (R 2 = 0.9701), indicating adsorbent–adsorbate interactions, whereas the Dubinin–Radushkevich model gave an adsorption energy of 1.16 kJ mol −1 , suggesting that weak physical interactions contribute to the initial uptake stage. Spectroscopic evidence from infrared and X-ray photoelectron analyses confirmed Cu(II) binding through oxygen and nitrogen donor sites, while computational descriptors supported the role of electron-rich coordination centers in metal-ion capture. Overall, the study demonstrates that Fe(III)-modified oxazolone–polyamide metallopolymers are promising coordination-based adsorbents for Cu(II)-contaminated water treatment.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, 91431, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt",
    "Department of Green Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt",
    "Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia",
    "Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Faisal A. Almalki",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4048-1526"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Faisal M. Alkahtani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jalal T. Althakafy",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6633-3834"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Muteb H. Alshamari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Sameh A. Rizk",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8232-5399"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Asmaa Mahmoud Fahim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0293-3491"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Mohamed Abdel‐Megid",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4153-3295"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Atef Samir Darwish"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Saleh A. Ahmed",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2364-0380"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nfbwvkgfne0z.bib",
  "cited_by": 5,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109246",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6nfbwvkgfne0z",
  "issns": [
    "0142-9418",
    "1873-2348"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109246",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7163740494",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-06",
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nfbwvkgfne0z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:59Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109246"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Microwave/ultrasound-assisted synthesis of an Fe(III)-coordinated oxazolone–polyamide metallopolymer for coordination-driven Cu(II) removal from water",
  "title_text": "Microwave/ultrasound-assisted synthesis of an Fe(III)-coordinated oxazolone–polyamide metallopolymer for coordination-driven Cu(II) removal from water",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:21Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nfbwvkgfne0z",
  "venue": "Polymer Testing",
  "versions": []
}