{
  "abstract": "Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) constitutes a major challenge for global pig production, yet effective therapeutic interventions remain elusive. Our study investigated the antiviral potency of Arbidol HCl in counteracting PRRSV infection through comprehensive in permissive cells and in vivo approaches. Our observations demonstrate that Arbidol HCl confers an obvious antiviral activity against varied PRRSV isolates in MARC‐145 cells and primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Mechanistic studies revealed that Arbidol HCl inhibits the early stages of PRRSV infection by significantly downregulating the expression of key viral receptors cysteine‐rich scavenger receptor (CD163) and myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9), thereby disrupting viral attachment and internalization. Subsequent validation studies indicated that Arbidol HCl attenuates proinflammatory responses caused by PRRSV via suppressing the toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway. In vivo experiments using PRRSV‐infected piglets demonstrated that Arbidol HCl treatment significantly reduced viral loads in serum, alleviated lung pathological damage, and mitigated systemic inflammatory responses. These results collectively establish Arbidol HCl as a promising dual‐action therapeutic agent that combines direct antiviral effects with anti‐inflammatory properties. Our study offers hope for developing a practical therapeutic intervention that could significantly impact swine health and food security worldwide. It will provide a novel approach for PRRS prevention and treatment in swine production.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Agriculture and Biology Liaocheng University Liaocheng China lcu.edu.cn",
    "Shandong Provincial General Station of Animal Husbandry Jinan 250100 China",
    "College of Animal Science and Technology Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an China sdau.edu.cn",
    "Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100 China saas.ac.cn"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Li Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mengxue Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoyang Zhan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lei Kong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shuzhen Jiang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Suimin Shang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "En-xin Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoting Peng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qiuju Dai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yubao Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8533-5015"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yuyu Zhang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0952-3587"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Zahoor Khan",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5890-2996"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Liangliang Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jiaqiang Wu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9160-9951"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tongtong Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-3999-3184"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nrshw9h65e2j.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1155/tbed/2505057",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13723318/",
  "id": "6nrshw9h65e2j",
  "issns": [
    "1865-1674",
    "1865-1682"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/2505057",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1103|Animal Virus Infections Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225009465",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1155/tbed/2505057",
  "pmcid": "PMC13723318",
  "pmid": "42965902",
  "published": "2026-10-31",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nrshw9h65e2j.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:21:56Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13723318",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/2505057"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1103|Animal Virus Infections Studies",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Arbidol HCl Inhibits PRRSV Infection by Downregulating CD163 and MYH9 Expression and Modulating Inflammatory Responses",
  "title_text": "Arbidol HCl Inhibits PRRSV Infection by Downregulating CD163 and MYH9 Expression and Modulating Inflammatory Responses",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6nrshw9h65e2j",
  "venue": "Transboundary and Emerging Diseases",
  "versions": []
}