{
  "abstract": "This work investigates a plasmonic metal–insulator–metal (MIM) ring structure periodically coupled to dual resonators and a defect cell, engineered for infrared filtering and gas sensing. The optical response is modeled numerically using the finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics, enabling accurate analysis of strong field confinement and loss in the subwavelength MIM geometry. By tuning the geometrical parameters of the rectangular and lateral resonators and of the defect cavity, we show that the transmission spectrum, band-gap position, and defect resonance wavelength can be precisely controlled, and that introducing a defect resonator into a periodic dual-resonator array generates a sharp, highly localized mode inside the plasmonic band gap. Small variations of the refractive index in the gas-filled device lead to clear, nearly linear shifts of this defect resonance, yielding a high sensitivity of about 1920 nm/RIU together with a Q-factor above 100 and a low detection limit, so that sensitivity, spectral selectivity, and detection capability are simultaneously enhanced. These results highlight the novelty of combining periodic band-gap engineering, dual-resonator coupling, and defect optimization in a single MIM platform, and demonstrate that the proposed structure can function as both a narrowband photonic filter and a high-performance infrared gas sensor in a compact, integrated configuration.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Team of Waves, Acoustics, Photonics and Materials, Mohamed I University, Oujda, Morocco",
    "Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia",
    "Engineering Sciences Laboratory (LSI), Multidisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Taza Gare, Morocco",
    "Department of Physics, Al-Qunfudah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia",
    "Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt",
    "Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "El-Aouni Mimoun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ali Hennache"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mahmoud A. Zaky"
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    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ben-Ali Youssef"
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    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Essahlaoui Abdelouahed"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bria Driss"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ali Alzahrani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Zaky A. Zaky",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8300-7755"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q100km9c7dnh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0353973",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712699/",
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353973",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Applied Mathematics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemical Characterization"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Classical Mechanics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Condensed Matter Physics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Crystal Structure"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Crystallography"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Crystals"
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      "heading",
      "Electric Field"
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    [
      "heading",
      "Electricity"
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    [
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      "Electromagnetic Radiation"
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      "heading",
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    ],
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      "Materials"
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      "heading",
      "Materials Science"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Mathematics"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Optical Analysis"
    ],
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      "heading",
      "Photonic Crystals"
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    [
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      "Photonic Materials"
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    [
      "heading",
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    [
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      "Solid State Physics"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research"
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    [
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      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials/Crystals/Photonic crystals"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials/Photonic materials/Photonic crystals"
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    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Applied mathematics/Finite element analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Classical mechanics/Reflection"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed matter physics/Solid state physics/Crystallography/Crystal structure"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Electricity/Electric field"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Electromagnetic radiation/Light"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Resonance"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Chemical characterization/Optical analysis/Refractive index"
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  "openalex": "W7223951447",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0353973&type=printable",
  "pmcid": "PMC13712699",
  "pmid": "42945281",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q100km9c7dnh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:17Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353973"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "plos:materials science",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
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    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "heading:Mathematics",
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    {
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      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
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  "title": "High sensitivity infrared gas sensing and filtering using metasurfaces plasmonic ring resonators",
  "title_text": "High sensitivity infrared gas sensing and filtering using metasurfaces plasmonic ring resonators",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:23:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q100km9c7dnh",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}