{
  "abstract": "Medicinal plants are widely used in diabetes management due to their multi-targeted bioactive constituents. Phyllanthus emblica, Piper nigrum, Aegle marmelos, Moringa oleifera, and Azadirachta indica possess well-documented antidiabetic properties, providing a scientific basis for developing a rationally designed polyherbal formulation. This study evaluated the basic phytochemical characterization, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and preliminary toxicity profiles of a polyherbal formulation (designated as [(AP)₂M]) in an alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic mouse model. Polyphenolic (phenolic and flavonoid) contents, antioxidant activity (DPPH & metal-chelating assays), and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were determined. Acute oral toxicity was assessed according to OECD Guideline 423, with LD₅₀ estimation to establish the preliminary toxicity profile and effective dosing. Diabetic mice received the formulation [(AP)₂M] (30-120 mg/kg) orally for 3 weeks, after which blood glucose, the lipid profile, SGPT, SGOT, and histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas were evaluated. The formulation exhibited substantial phenolic (111.52 ± 0.444 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (211.30 ± 5.129 mg CAE/g) contents together with strong antioxidant and antidiabetic enzyme inhibitory activity. Acute oral toxicity assessment estimated an LD₅₀ of 900 mg/kg (GHS Category 4). At 120 mg/kg, it reduced blood glucose to a level comparable with glibenclamide and significantly improved lipid profile, SGPT, and SGOT levels (p < 0.001). Histopathological examination demonstrated improvement in pancreatic, hepatic, and renal tissues. Since the formulation demonstrated promising antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic activities in a diabetic mouse model, it could be a potential alternative for further investigation as a complementary therapeutic approach for diabetes management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Shakil Ahmed",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-3073-7524"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Taohid Hasan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Bismillah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "M Matiar Rahman",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0213-4689"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Ismail Hossain"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Masudul Hasan Khan",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-2848-0666"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Amirul Islam",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8437-9374"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q1p1pjba5hd0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/fsn3.72520",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13710797",
  "id": "6q1p1pjba5hd0",
  "issns": [
    "2048-7177"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948181",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223918657",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13710797?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13710797",
  "pmid": "42948181",
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q1p1pjba5hd0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42948181",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948181"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:41Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13710797",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72520"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Therapeutic Potential of [(AP)₂M]: A Rationally Designed Polyherbal Formulation for Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice.",
  "title_text": "Therapeutic Potential of [(AP)₂M]: A Rationally Designed Polyherbal Formulation for Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6q1p1pjba5hd0",
  "venue": "Food science & nutrition",
  "versions": []
}