{
  "abstract": "Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) has been widely recognized as a key driver of uncertainty in future global evapotranspiration ( E ) trends. Accurately characterizing the spatiotemporal dynamics of VPD and elucidating its influence on terrestrial E are critical for understanding land–atmosphere water and energy feedback processes under climate warming. However, previous studies have largely focused on the physiological regulation of plant transpiration ( E t ) at the leaf or canopy scale, leaving the quantitative understanding of VPD– E interactions at the global scale incomplete. By integrating multi-source remote sensing products and reanalysis datasets, this study quantitatively evaluates the role of VPD in regulating global terrestrial E variability. The main findings are as follows: (1) Approximately 60.7 % of global land area exhibits positive apparent sensitivity of E to VPD, with a global mean sensitivity of 293.3±62.3 mm hPa ⁻¹ , and stronger responses observed in warm and humid regions. (2) VPD is positively correlated with E t overall, particularly in mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, whereas its correlation with bare soil evaporation ( E b ) is weaker and tends to be negative in water-limited regions. (3) The VPD– E relationship exhibits a pronounced aridity-dependent threshold, which decreases progressively from arid (1.90 kPa) and semi-arid (1.46 kPa) regions to semi-humid (0.49 kPa) and humid (0.47 kPa) regions. Further path analysis reveals that VPD regulates E through interconnected pathways involving atmospheric demand, soil moisture, vegetation physiology, and energy supply, with an overall negative net effect on E . This study clarifies the dominant pathways and regional heterogeneity of VPD– E interactions at the global scale, providing quantitative constraints for predicting the response of the terrestrial water cycle to increasing atmospheric aridity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Northwest Normal University (Lanzhou, China)"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Yuxin Miao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Guofeng Zhu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0572-7041"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yuhao Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Enwei Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qingyang Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yani Gun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhijie Zheng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jiangwei Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wenmin Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ziwen Liu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6qp1q7fmh5twf.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5194/hess-30-6249-2026",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6qp1q7fmh5twf",
  "issns": [
    "1607-7938"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6249/2026/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2306|Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4415375221",
  "pdf_url": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6249/2026/hess-30-6249-2026.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Copernicus GmbH",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6qp1q7fmh5twf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "10.5194/hess-30-6249-2026",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6249/2026/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2306|Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics",
      "subfield": "climate"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The influence of vapor pressure deficit changes on global terrestrial evapotranspiration",
  "title_text": "The influence of vapor pressure deficit changes on global terrestrial evapotranspiration",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6qp1q7fmh5twf",
  "venue": "Hydrology and Earth System Sciences",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.5194/egusphere-2025-4820",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "preprint",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}