{
  "abstract": "We present a comprehensive spectroscopic investigation of singly Dy³⁺-doped and Er³⁺,Dy³⁺-codoped calcium fluoride (CaF₂) crystals for mid-infrared laser applications around 3 µm and 4.4 µm. The f-f transition probabilities of Dy³⁺ were evaluated using a modified Judd-Ofelt formalism that accounts for configuration interaction effects. The stimulated-emission cross section (σ_SE) reaches 0.25 × 10⁻²⁰ cm² at 2.93 µm for the ⁶H₁₃/₂ → ⁶H₁₅/₂ transition, with an emission bandwidth of ~350 nm. This transition exhibits a pronounced phonon sideband extending up to 3.9 µm. The luminescence lifetime of the ⁶H₁₃/₂ level decreases from 2.04 to 0.52 ms as the Dy³⁺ concentration raises from 0.1 to 0.5 at.%. Energy transfer from Er³⁺ to Dy³⁺ in codoped crystals is quantified, demonstrating an efficient pathway for sensitized pumping. For the first time, 4.4 µm emission from Dy³⁺:CaF₂ is observed at room temperature. The interplay between radiative and non-radiative transition rates is analyzed, highlighting the critical role of phonon-assisted relaxation in mid-IR emission. Finally, the potential of other Dy³⁺-doped fluorite-type hosts, such as SrF₂ and BaF₂, is evaluated.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ngoc Quynh Hoa Nguyen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elena Dunina"
    },
    {
      "name": "Liudmila Fomicheva"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alexey Kornienko"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pavel Popov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sergei Kuznetsov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Abdelmjid Benayad"
    },
    {
      "name": "Patrice Camy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alain Braud"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pavel Loiko"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6r55dvf4amymr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.omx.2026.100444",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6r55dvf4amymr",
  "issns": [
    "2590-1478"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05838224v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.chim"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Solid State Laser Technologies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7161959775",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05838224/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-25",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6r55dvf4amymr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05838224",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05838224v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "hal:0.chim",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Mid-infrared emission properties of Er3+,Dy3+-codoped CaF2 crystals",
  "title_text": "Mid-infrared emission properties of Er3+,Dy3+-codoped CaF2 crystals",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6r55dvf4amymr",
  "venue": "Optical Materials: X",
  "versions": []
}