{
  "abstract": "Carbon radio recombination lines (CRRLs) arising from the cold neutral medium (CNM) of the interstellar medium are potential foregrounds in the 1-50 MHz band that LuSEE-Night will observe from the lunar far side. CRRLs are sensitive probes of the temperature, density, and radiation field of the CNM, and LuSEE-Night will provide sky-averaged measurements in a poorly explored frequency range. We model CRRLs across this band, accounting for doppler, collisional, and radiation broadening, and we estimate line strengths using two independent methods - fixing either the peak or the frequency-integrated optical depth - applied both uniformly across the sky and with region-dependent values informed by prior low-frequency observations. We simulate LuSEE-Night's expected response to these CRRLs and further convolve the beam-diluted spectra with LuSEE-Night's polyphase-filter-bank spectrometer response, including its zoomed-mode frequency resolution of $\\sim$390 Hz, to obtain the expected observed brightness temperature. Using these simulated spectra, we estimate the integration time required to detect individual CRRLs at SNR=5 across the six sky models considered. Required integration times range from as short as 30 hours (in the most optimistic model where the optical depth across the sky is $\\sim$10$^{-3}$) to 27.6 years (in the most conservative models where the optical depth across the sky is $\\sim$10$^{-4}$). Stacking the 361 simulated C$α$ lines between 10 and 50 MHz reduces the integration time needed for an SNR=5 detection to $\\sim$11 minutes and $\\sim$151 hours respectively, indicating that LuSEE-Night has realistic chances of making a stacked detection of C$α$ RRLs within a realistic mission lifetime, even under the most conservative optical-depth assumptions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2611.03828",
  "author_total": 40,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Fatima Yousuf"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aurelia Gerber"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zack Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Akshatha Vydula"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stuart D. Bale"
    },
    {
      "name": "David W. Barker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jack Burns"
    },
    {
      "name": "Christian H. Bye"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hugo Camacho"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cristina-Maria Cordun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adam Fahs"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sonia Ghosh"
    },
    {
      "name": "Keith Goetz"
    },
    {
      "name": "Robert Grimm"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sven Herrmann"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joshua J. Hibbard"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oliver Jeong"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marc Klein-Wolt"
    },
    {
      "name": "Léon V. E. Koopmans"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joel Krajewski"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corentin K. Louis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Milan Maksimović"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ryan McLean"
    },
    {
      "name": "Raul A. Monsalve"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arnur Nigmetov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paul O'Connor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aaron Parsons"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michel Piat"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marc Pulupa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rugved Pund"
    },
    {
      "name": "David Rapetti"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaja M. Rotermund"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benjamin R. B. Saliwanchik"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jack Singal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anže Slosar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nikolai Stefanov"
    },
    {
      "name": "David Sundkvist"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aritoki Suzuki"
    },
    {
      "name": "Harish K. Vedantham"
    },
    {
      "name": "Philippe Zarka"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6s03mwd9w4ptp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2611.03828",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6s03mwd9w4ptp",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03828",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.CO"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2611.03828",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6s03mwd9w4ptp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "2611.03828",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03828"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.CO",
      "subfield": "cosmology"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Estimating LuSEE-Night's Sensitivity to Cα Radio Recombination Lines",
  "title_text": "Estimating LuSEE-Night's Sensitivity to Cα Radio Recombination Lines",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T00:20:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6s03mwd9w4ptp",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}