{
  "abstract": "BackgroundRelapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) confers an unfavorable prognosis. We evaluated the outcomes of an arsenic trioxide (ATO)-incorporating chemotherapy protocol in pediatric first-relapsed ALL.MethodsPatients were risk-stratified according to the ALL-REZ BFM 2002 protocol. Group A received an institutional ATO-containing protocol at one university-affiliated hospital between September 2010 and September 2021, while Group B followed the ALL-REZ BFM 2002 protocol at another one in the same city during the similar period.ResultsGroup A comprised 43 patients, 9 high-risk, among whom one (11.1%) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Group B had 35 patients with 15 high-risk among whom 7 (46.7%) received allo-HSCT. In non-high-risk patients, 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was comparable between groups (73.5% vs 70.0%, P = 0.794). Among high-risk patients, EFS was higher in Group A (44.4% vs 13.3%, P = 0.048). Moreover, Group A remained independently associated with better EFS in a multivariable Cox model incorporating allo-HSCT as a time-dependent covariate (HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25-0.99, P = 0.048).ConclusionHigh-risk relapsed ALL stratified by the ALL-REZ BFM 2002 stratification system carries a poor prognosis. The incorporation of ATO into salvage regimens merits further investigation, and prospective randomized controlled trials would help confirm its promising prognostic advantages.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Original Research",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jia-Nan Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ji-Xun Lin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cui-Yun Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ke Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yan-Lai Tang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Li-Bin Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jian Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhong Fan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dan-Ping Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Li-Dan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qiao-Ru Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhi-Yong Ke"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dun-Hua Zhou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hong-Man Xue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xue-Qun Luo"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6vx7pegcbzm95.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1987372",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6vx7pegcbzm95",
  "issns": [
    "2234-943X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1987372",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "feed-journal",
      "medicine/oncology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6vx7pegcbzm95.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T06:20:10Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1987372",
      "source": "feed-frontiers",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1987372"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "feed-journal:medicine/oncology",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Salvage treatment incorporating arsenic trioxide for pediatric relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a retrospective real-world analysis",
  "title_text": "Salvage treatment incorporating arsenic trioxide for pediatric relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a retrospective real-world analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T06:20:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6vx7pegcbzm95",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Oncology",
  "versions": []
}