{
  "abstract": "BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The VAPEUR randomized controlled trial compared Rezūm water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) with combination pharmacotherapy (CP; alpha-blockers plus 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors) in sexually active men with symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). METHODS: Overall, 151 men were randomized to WVTT (n = 75) or CP (n = 76). Primary endpoints changed from baseline to 1 yr in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ) score. Secondary endpoints included surgical/medical treatment for recurring symptoms, ≥4 points IPSS worsening (ΔIPSS ≥4), and catheterization beyond 90 d post-procedure. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: At 1 yr, IPSS improvement was greater with WVTT than CP (mean difference -4.6 points; 97.5% confidence interval [CI] -7.6 to -1.6; p < 0.001), with mean improvements of 10.8 ± 6.8 versus 6.2 ± 7.7 points, respectively. MSHQ scores remained stable with WVTT (+1.1 ± 16.9) and CP (-5.2 ± 16.4). Superiority in preserving sexual function was not demonstrated with multiple imputation. Quality‑of‑life (QoL) improvement was greater with WVTT (-2.7 ± 1.8 vs -1.8 ± 2.0; p = 0.01). WVTT resulted in lower rates of surgical retreatment (1.3% vs 9.2%), ΔIPSS ≥4, (2.7% vs 13%) and post-90 d catheterization (0% vs 1.3%), but higher pharmacological retreatment (12% vs 1.3%; combined: hazard ratio = 0.52, CI 0.25-1.1, p = 0.08). Treatment‑related adverse events (AEs) were more frequent with WVTT (40% vs 28%; serious AEs, 12% vs 1.3%), largely procedure‑related; at 1 yr, 93% were resolved in WVTT versus 60% (25/42) in CP. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: At 1 yr, WVTT provides superior symptom relief and greater QoL improvement versus CP, while preserving sexual function. These findings support WVTT as an effective alternative to CP.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 24,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Sébastien Vincendeau"
    },
    {
      "name": "Evanguelos Xylinas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marc Fourmarier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ismael Galliot"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ambroise Salin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Souhil Lebdai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jonathan Olivier"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paul Anderson"
    },
    {
      "name": "Charles Ballereau"
    },
    {
      "name": "Florian Laclergerie"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eric Barret"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vincent Misraï"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hakim Fassi-Fehri"
    },
    {
      "name": "Matthieu Durand"
    },
    {
      "name": "Richard Mallet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Quentin Franquet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Grégoire Robert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lucie-Marie Scailteux"
    },
    {
      "name": "Caroline Beaudoint"
    },
    {
      "name": "Patrick O'Connor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Isabelle Searcy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kathryn Goodrich"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jean‐nicolas Cornu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Romain Mathieu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6w7vqp8v9pgf2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.euf.2026.08.001",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6w7vqp8v9pgf2",
  "issns": [
    "2405-4569"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-05771936v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdv.mhep"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "2.sdv.mhep.un"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2748|Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7203677178",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": "42608232",
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6w7vqp8v9pgf2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:44Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05771936",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-05771936v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "hal:0.sdv",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "hal:1.sdv.mhep",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Water Vapor Thermal Therapy with Rezūm Versus Combination Pharmacotherapy for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms due to Benign Prostatic Obstruction: 1-Yr Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (VAPEUR-RCT)",
  "title_text": "Water Vapor Thermal Therapy with Rezūm Versus Combination Pharmacotherapy for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms due to Benign Prostatic Obstruction: 1-Yr Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (VAPEUR-RCT)",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6w7vqp8v9pgf2",
  "venue": "European Urology Focus",
  "versions": []
}