{
  "abstract": "Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibits significant variability in disease progression, making individual trajectory prediction challenging. Previously, we defined motor progression phenotypes based on longitudinal OFF-medication changes in the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and demonstrated their predictability at baseline using MRI-informed machine learning. OFF-medication assessments are rare in routine care. Therefore, this study evaluated whether these phenotypes correspond to standard clinical outcomes. Eighty-eight early PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative were classified as “faster” or “slower” progressors based on 48-month OFF-medication ΔMDS-UPDRS-III scores. A support vector machine incorporating baseline structural MRI and clinical features classified these phenotypes with 89% accuracy. Phenotypes were compared across independent 48-month outcomes, including MDS-UPDRS Part II, Schwab & England Activities of Daily Living (S&E ADL), levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD), and Hoehn & Yahr (HY) staging. Faster progressors exhibited significantly greater functional declines in MDS-UPDRS Part II and S&E ADL scores and higher LEDD requirements at 48 months. Clinically meaningful deterioration consistent with published thresholds occurred more frequently among faster progressors for MDS-UPDRS Part II and HY staging. These findings validate the clinical relevance of MRI-informed progression phenotyping for prognostic stratification in early PD, highlighting its potential to identify biologically distinct trajectories.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anupa A. Vijayakumari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Daniel Teixeira-Dos-Santos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hubert H. Fernandez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin L. Walter"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6xzq63mw8ya70.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-63332-2",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63332-2",
  "id": "6xzq63mw8ya70",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63332-2",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171505728",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-63332-2_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6xzq63mw8ya70.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T14:21:17Z",
      "native_id": "063dbe8147184e15b1f1c91581976e02",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63332-2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clinical relevance of MRI-informed motor progression phenotypes in early Parkinson’s disease",
  "title_text": "Clinical relevance of MRI-informed motor progression phenotypes in early Parkinson’s disease",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T14:20:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6xzq63mw8ya70",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}