{
  "abstract": "We develop the theory of hydrodynamic fluctuations for one-dimensional quantum liquids. At low temperatures the relaxation of interacting electrons in a single-channel wire separates into two classes: equilibration, which changes the numbers of right and left movers through backscattering and is exponentially slow, and thermalization, which redistributes energy and momentum at a fixed number of movers at a power-law rate. This separation of time scales gives the electron liquid a two-fluid description analogous to superfluid $^4$He, with the zero mode of the Luttinger liquid as the superfluid component and the gas of thermal excitations as the normal component. Using Onsager reciprocity and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, we add Langevin fluxes to the two-fluid hydrodynamic equations, including a mutual-friction noise generated by rare backscattering events that has no counterpart in helium. We apply the theory to Coulomb-coupled quantum wires and calculate the dynamic structure factors, which contain a second-sound peak next to the plasmon doublet; the Coulomb drag resistivity, where intrawire equilibration acts as a bottleneck and turns the hydrodynamic drag into an activated temperature dependence; and the near-field heat transfer between the wires. Mode frequencies, spectral weights, linewidths, and the crossover scales of the transport coefficients are expressed through the thermodynamic properties of the liquid and a few dissipative coefficients, providing spectroscopic and transport probes of two-fluid behavior in one-dimensional quantum systems.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.37301",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Alex Levchenko"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zm8yqck9f3c0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.37301",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "6zm8yqck9f3c0",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37301",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mes-hall"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3107|Quantum and electron transport phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224091043",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.37301",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zm8yqck9f3c0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:35:50Z",
      "native_id": "2610.37301",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37301"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.mes-hall",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.flu-dyn",
      "subfield": "fluid-dynamics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Hydrodynamic fluctuations in Luttinger liquids",
  "title_text": "Hydrodynamic fluctuations in Luttinger liquids",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:35:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zm8yqck9f3c0",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}