{
  "abstract": "Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia worldwide, presents a formidable challenge due to its complex, multifactorial etiology, and limited translational success of existing models. Recent advances in stem cell biology have enabled the generation of three-dimensional human cerebral organoids which exhibit multicellular complexity and self-organisation, recapitulating key aspects of fetal brain development in vitro. This mini review highlights the landscape of AD modelling in human cerebral organoids. While studies using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) form the core of this review, we also discuss single-nucleus RNA sequencing, computational deconvolution, and spatial approaches as translationally relevant extensions. We categorise current organoid research into distinct model types: (1) familial AD models driven by APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mutations; (2) sporadic AD models incorporating genetic APOE variants and environmental risk factors (serum exposure, pollutants, and viral reactivation); (3) tauopathy models highlighting astrocyte-driven metabolic disruption; (4) models featuring glial-immune interactions; and (5) emerging models of mitochondrial dysfunction as an early disease initiator. Across these categories, single cell technologies reveal critical alterations in lipid metabolism, synaptic programs, and glial-immune crosstalk. Finally, we review methodological innovations-drawing on non-AD developmental organoid studies such as region-specific patterning, morphodynamic control, and enhanced cellular diversity, which offer a roadmap for improving the physiological fidelity of next-generation AD organoid models. Ultimately, integrating these advanced cerebral organoid platforms with single cell technologies offer a powerful toolkit to dissect early disease mechanisms and accelerate the development of personalised therapeutics.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia. armfazilah@unimas.my.",
    "Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. francistieng@um.edu.my.",
    "Department of Clinical Oncology, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, 50603, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. francistieng@um.edu.my.",
    "Sunway Medical Clinical Research Centre, Sunway Medical Research Ethics Committee (SREC), 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. francistieng@um.edu.my."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maizatul Fazilah Abdul Razak",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2108-4309"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Francis Yew Fu Tieng",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2504-3934"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zp9rn771zz5x.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13041-026-01335-w",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681954",
  "id": "6zp9rn771zz5x",
  "issns": [
    "1756-6606"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902292",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RC346-429"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Alzheimer's disease research and treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7170645423",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681954?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13681954",
  "pmid": "42902292",
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zp9rn771zz5x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42902292",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902292"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:46:38Z",
      "native_id": "f5414caf5b754226a10f9c1238dc2273",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-026-01335-w"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Alzheimer's disease research and treatments",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Single cell RNA sequencing and emerging transcriptomic technologies in Alzheimer's disease cerebral organoids: a mini review.",
  "title_text": "Single cell RNA sequencing and emerging transcriptomic technologies in Alzheimer's disease cerebral organoids: a mini review.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:46:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6zp9rn771zz5x",
  "venue": "Molecular brain",
  "versions": []
}