{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Data comparing the three iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO1, DIO2 and DIO3) across multinodular goitre (MNG), DTC, and normal thyroid tissue are limited. This study compares deiodinase mRNA expression among post-thyroidectomy specimens of MNG, DTC, and normal thyroid tissue, and its association with thyroid hormone levels in MNG. Methods: Thyroid tissue specimens of MNG, DTC, and normal tissue (taken from unaffected thyroid regions of patients with DTC) were collected from patients undergoing elective thyroidectomy. RNA was extracted by the TRIzol method, and deiodinases’ mRNA expression was measured by quantitative real-time-PCR with beta-actin as reference; relative expression was calculated using the 2−∆∆ct method. Comparison of expression in MNG and DTC was done against normal tissue. Results: Thyroid tissue specimens (Excluded 2, Included n=45: 15 MNG, 15 DTC, 15 Normal) were obtained from 30 patients. Serum T3 was higher and TSH lower in MNG than DTC, while T4 and free T4 were comparable. DIO1 expression was increased in MNG (lowest ΔCt, 3.93±1.78;p=0.001): 80% of MNG specimens showed upregulation (median fold change 7.74) [. DIO1 expression was lower in DTC (ΔCt 7.71±3.51), where 46.7% were downregulated. DIO1 did not differ between toxic and nontoxic MNG (p=1.00). DIO2 did not differ across MNG, DTC, &normal tissue groups. DIO3 was downregulated in both MNG (67%) and DTC (86.7%) compared to normal tissue(p=0.008), with larger DTC tumours showing higher DIO3 expression(p=0.002). Deiodinase expression did not correlate with thyroid hormone levels in MNG. Conclusion: MNG and DTC have distinct deiodinase expression profiles compared to normal thyroid tissue, particularly for DIO1, suggesting different patterns of intrathyroidal hormone metabolism. Non-toxic and toxic MNG share the characteristic of elevated DIO 1 expression. Studies are required to know whether downregulated DIO1 is an early change in DTC genesis and whether DIO3 expression in larger tumours is a marker of progression in DTC.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Anjali R. Nair"
    },
    {
      "name": "Abilash Nair"
    },
    {
      "name": "P. K. Jabbar"
    },
    {
      "name": "U. S. Sreejith Babu"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. S. Sulfekar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ruby Elizabeth Elias"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Reshma"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Sriharii"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70e2jmwh9bbz8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4103/trp.trp_46_26",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ovid.com/jnls/trap/fulltext/10.4103/trp.trp_46_26~altered-and-distinct-iodothyronine-deoidinase-m-rna",
  "id": "70e2jmwh9bbz8",
  "issns": [
    "0973-0354",
    "2250-1452"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_46_26",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220850209",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70e2jmwh9bbz8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T14:21:22Z",
      "native_id": "013cc3b0befd4dddba2a59b5469ce92f",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/trp.trp_46_26"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "ALTERED AND DISTINCT IODOTHYRONINE DEOIDINASE M-RNA EXPRESSION PROFILES IN SURGICAL SPECIMENS OF MULTINODULAR GOITRE AND DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA",
  "title_text": "ALTERED AND DISTINCT IODOTHYRONINE DEOIDINASE M-RNA EXPRESSION PROFILES IN SURGICAL SPECIMENS OF MULTINODULAR GOITRE AND DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T14:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70e2jmwh9bbz8",
  "venue": "Thyroid Research & Practice",
  "versions": []
}