{
  "abstract": "Energy recovery from gas-phase waste streams is essential for reducing environmental impact, promoting sustainable industrial practices, and increasing profit margins. Compared to thermochemical pathways, biocatalytic conversions offer a compelling alternative due to their mild operating conditions and high specificity. However, conventional systems are hindered by slow gas-to-liquid mass transfer, resulting in high energy consumption and low productivity. Here, we demonstrate a new solid-state bioreactor (SSB) technology through a case study of methane-to-succinate conversion using methanotrophs. SSBs immobilize high densities of methanotrophs within gas-permeable, 3D-printed geometries that operate under gas-phase and static conditions. These reactors exhibit a 1–2 order of magnitude increase in biocatalytic performance compared to traditional liquid-phase reactors. Computational models of the SSB are developed and benchmarked against conventional stirred-tank reactor models to highlight design advantages.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory",
    "Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory",
    "Biosciences Center, National Laboratory of the Rockies",
    "Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas",
    "Quasar Energy Group"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Samantha Ruelas"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hawi B. Gemeda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nathan C. Ellebracht"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Joshua R. DeOtte"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer M. Knipe"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Natalie A. Hwee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ellsbeth Webb"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Michael T. Guarnieri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Calvin A. Henard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Xumeng Ge"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Eric B. Duoss"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sarah E. Baker"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fang Qian"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70fwqtc42j8np.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-54237-1",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54237-1",
  "id": "70fwqtc42j8np",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54237-1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Microbial metabolism and enzyme function"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4413374066",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-54237-1_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70fwqtc42j8np.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:41Z",
      "native_id": "083fd3407a484d9fa2c8a1be2a9c70b3",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54237-1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Microbial metabolism and enzyme function",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Solid-state bioreactors for efficient energy recovery from gaseous waste streams",
  "title_text": "Solid-state bioreactors for efficient energy recovery from gaseous waste streams",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:20:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70fwqtc42j8np",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}