{
  "abstract": "Background: The MY Resilience In ADolescence randomised controlled trial showed no superiority of universal school-based mindfulness training (SBMT) over social-emotional teaching as usual (TAU) regarding adolescents’ mental health and limited effects on teachers’ mental health and school climate at 1 year.\n\nObjective: Explore 2-year impact of SBMT versus TAU.\n\nMethods: 85 UK schools (cohort 1: 975 pupils, 104 teachers; cohort 2: 7401 pupils, 575 teachers) randomised 1:1 to continue TAU (43 schools; 4232 pupils) or include SBMT (42 schools; 4144 pupils). The cohorts were analysed separately. Key pupil outcomes were risk for depression, social-emotional-behavioural functioning and well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS)). Teacher outcomes were burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES)), self-efficacy, mindfulness, mindfulness in teaching (Mindfulness in Teaching Scale), stress (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)), depression, anxiety and school climate.\n\nAnalyses used mixed-effects regression, allowing for correlation between observations from the same school and from the same class (pupil outcomes).\n\nFindings: SBMT was not superior to TAU in reducing pupil risk for depression (cohort 1: p=0.51; cohort 2: p=0.47) or social-emotional-behavioural functioning (cohort 1: p values ranged from 0.20 to 0.99; cohort 2: p values from 0.09 to 0.97). SBMT enhanced only cohort 2 pupils’ well-being: adjusted mean difference 1.0 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.8, p=0.02, WEMWBS).\n\nSBMT did not impact cohort 1 teachers’ well-being (MBI-ES: exhaustion, p=0.19; depersonalisation, p=0.78; personal accomplishment, p=0.35), stress (PSS, p=0.68) or school climate (leadership and involvement, p=0.31; staff attitudes, p=0.09; respectful climate, p=0.87) but improved cohort 2 teachers’ well-being (personal accomplishment: −0.2, 95% CI −0.3 to −0.001, p=0.049), stress (−1.6, 95% CI −3.0 to −0.3, p=0.02) and school climate (leadership and involvement: 0.2, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.3, p=0.03; staff attitudes: 0.2, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.4, p=0.02; respectful climate: 0.2, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.4, p=0.001).\n\nConclusions: Longer term outcomes broadly replicated 1-year findings, with little advantage of SBMT over TAU for pupils but some benefits for teacher-reported well-being and school climate persisting over time.\n\nClinical implications: While social-emotional teaching in schools can be effective, with attention to wider context and individual differences, SBMT as delivered in this trial is not indicated for 11–14 year-olds. Small negative effects at 1 year washed out at year 2, and benefits for teachers largely persisted.\n\nTrial registration number: ISRCTN86619085.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration South West, Exeter, UK",
    "Psychiatry Department, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK",
    "Experimental Psychology Department, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK",
    "Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK",
    "UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK",
    "Health Service and Population Research Department, King’s College London, London, UK",
    "MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK",
    "Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK",
    "Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK",
    "Oxford Centre for Emerging Minds Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK",
    "Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA",
    "Teaching, Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain",
    "Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Heatlh (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain",
    "Offices of Clinical Research and the Provost, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA",
    "Population, Policy and Practice Research Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 30,
  "authors": [
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      ],
      "name": "Benjamin Jones"
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      ],
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        1
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      "name": "Louise Aukland"
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      "orcid": "0000-0001-6026-9616"
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        4
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      "name": "Sarah-Jayne Blakemore"
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      "name": "Sarah Byford",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7084-1495"
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        1
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      "name": "Tríona Casey",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7789-9072"
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        1
      ],
      "name": "Catherine Crane"
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        3,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Tim Dalgleish",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7304-2231"
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        1
      ],
      "name": "Nicola Dalrymple"
    },
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        7
      ],
      "name": "Darren Dunning",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7696-4143"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Eleanor-Rose Farley"
    },
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      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Tamsin Ford",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5295-4904"
    },
    {
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        1,
        2,
        5,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Poushali Ganguli",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1764-5273"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Mark T Greenberg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maria Kempnich"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Liz Lord"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Emma Medlicott"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        11,
        12
      ],
      "name": "Jesus Montero-Marin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Elizabeth Nuthall"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Lucy Palmer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2218-6104"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alice Phillips"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lucy Radley"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anam Raja"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Laura Taylor"
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    {
      "affs": [
        1
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      "name": "Alice Tickell"
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    {
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      "name": "Obioha C Ukoumunne"
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    {
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      "name": "Russell M Viner",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3047-2247"
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    {
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        1
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      "name": "Willem Kuyken",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8596-5252"
    },
    {
      "name": "Saz Ahmed"
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70gdqzf1d7nn6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1136/bmjment-2026-303016",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735371/",
  "id": "70gdqzf1d7nn6",
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  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
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  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
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    [
      "heading",
      "Child and Adolescent Mental Health"
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    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
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      "3203|Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions"
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  "pdf_url": "https://mentalhealth.bmj.com/content/29/1/e303016.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13735371",
  "pmid": "42971736",
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "BMJ Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70gdqzf1d7nn6.ris",
  "sources": [
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      "native_id": "PMC13735371",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2026-303016"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3203|Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
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  ],
  "title": "Longer term impact of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision on adolescent mental health and well-being, teacher mental health and school climate: results from the 2-year follow-up in the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial",
  "title_text": "Longer term impact of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision on adolescent mental health and well-being, teacher mental health and school climate: results from the 2-year follow-up in the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:04Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/70gdqzf1d7nn6",
  "venue": "BMJ Mental Health",
  "versions": []
}