{
  "abstract": "Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, involves nigral dopaminergic neuron loss. Integrative transcriptomics of central and peripheral tissues may uncover conserved molecular signatures, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Gene expression datasets from substantia nigra (GSE8397) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (GSE22491) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R with an adjusted P < 0.05 and |log2 fold change| ≥1. Shared DEGs underwent Gene Ontology, KEGG, and Reactome enrichment analyses. Protein–protein interaction networks were constructed using STRING and Cytoscape, followed by hub gene identification through multiple topological algorithms. Cell-type composition was estimated with xCell, and therapeutic relevance was evaluated with DGIdb and the Open Targets Platform. We identified 18 common DEGs (14 concordant, 4 discordant), enriched in dopaminergic/synaptic pathways. Five hub genes (SNCA, TH, DDC, SLC18A2, COMT) were consistently identified. Cell deconvolution revealed neuronal loss and oligodendrocyte increase. Drug analysis confirmed approved therapeutics and clinical relevance, including SNCA-targeted agents. Integrative transcriptomics identified conserved central-peripheral signatures in PD. These hub genes are candidate biomarkers/therapeutic targets, offering a systems-level framework for disease mechanisms and independent cohort validation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran",
    "Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran",
    "School of Rehabilitation Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ehsan Lotfi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Arsh Haj Mohamad Ebrahim Ketabforoush"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fereshteh Azeditehrani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nooshin Ahmadirad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Narges Daneshafrooz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fereshteh Golab",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2829-7881"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/726e9shd5drnc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1177/11779322261489966",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13724851/",
  "id": "726e9shd5drnc",
  "issns": [
    "1177-9322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/11779322261489966",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213361873",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13724851?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13724851",
  "pmid": "42973917",
  "published": "2026-09-16",
  "publisher": "SAGE Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/726e9shd5drnc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:23:21Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13724851",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/11779322261489966"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:49Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42973917",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42973917"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Parkinson’s Disease Through Bioinformatics Analysis",
  "title_text": "Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Parkinson’s Disease Through Bioinformatics Analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:21:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/726e9shd5drnc",
  "venue": "Bioinformatics and Biology Insights",
  "versions": []
}