{
  "abstract": "Propolis is a chemically complex bee product whose composition and biological properties are influenced by botanical and environmental factors. This study compared eight propolis samples collected during summer and winter from four apiaries in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples were characterized by physicochemical properties, phenolic and flavonoid content, qualitative chemical profiles by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS, and electrical impedance, while antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities were evaluated using complementary in vitro assays. Summer-collected samples generally exhibited higher dry extract and total phenolic content and lower wax levels, whereas flavonoid content remained comparatively stable. Differences were also observed in electrical impedance and several antioxidant responses, with total phenolic content strongly and negatively correlated with DPPH IC50 values (ρ = −0.864). All extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus, predominantly with MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) values of 250–500 µg/mL, without detectable bactericidal activity at the concentrations tested. UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling revealed qualitatively similar chemical profiles comprising phenolic and prenylated derivatives, including artepillin C, consistent with a possible contribution from Baccharis dracunculifolia. Notably, the samples from D apiary (D1 and D2) showed pronounced and selective cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Overall, differences in chemical, physicochemical, and biological properties were observed between the two collection periods of regional propolis.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil",
    "Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil",
    "Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil",
    "Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil",
    "Laboratório de Genética e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, R. Major Jerônimo, 566, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil",
    "Departamento de Farmácia, Instituto de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, R. Manoel Byrro, 241, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares 35032-620, MG, Brazil"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Laís A. Moreira",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-4124-7016"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "João Paulo B. Sousa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Carla Monteiro Leal",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2542-729X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Victor Campana Leite",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1970-6487"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jessica Pereira Silva"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Maria Luiza A. A. Soares",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-8376-9362"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Gislaine Gonçalves Rocha",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5483-3986"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Paula Marynella Alves Pereira Lima"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fabíola Dutra Rocha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Wesley W. G. Nascimento",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6475-7625"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Nícolas de Castro Campos Pinto",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4864-1566"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Humberto Moreira Húngaro",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8240-2964"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Thaise Gonçalves Araújo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7593-1403"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ademar A. Da Silva Filho",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9096-1336"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/741ajkhktapsf.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/molecules31203611",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13707419",
  "id": "741ajkhktapsf",
  "issns": [
    "1420-3049"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3611",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1109|Bee Products Chemical Analysis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221542163",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13707419?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13707419",
  "pmid": "42943683",
  "published": "2026-10-10",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/741ajkhktapsf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/molecules31203611",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3611"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42943683",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943683"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1109|Bee Products Chemical Analysis",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Variation in the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Propolis Collected During Two Seasonal Periods in the Zona da Mata Region of Brazil",
  "title_text": "Variation in the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Propolis Collected During Two Seasonal Periods in the Zona da Mata Region of Brazil",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/741ajkhktapsf",
  "venue": "Molecules",
  "versions": []
}