{
  "abstract": "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in older individuals is characterized by immune senescence and deteriorating intestinal homeostasis, both of which limit the efficacy of current therapies. Here, we develop fluorinated β-glucan/pectin nanogels (F₂-Ast@NGs) for oral delivery of astilbin, a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. This multifunctional platform integrates gastrointestinal protection, colon-targeted release, and local immune modulation. The β-glucan shell preserves nanogel stability during upper gastrointestinal transit while enabling β-glucanase-responsive disassembly in the colon. Fluorocarbon segments enhance mucus penetration, and the pectin matrix prolongs colonic retention, promoting drug accumulation at inflamed sites. In aged mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, F₂-Ast@NGs alleviate disease severity, attenuate senescence-associated features of colonic CD4⁺ T cells, and enhance Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cell (Treg) responses. Concurrently, the β-glucan/pectin nanogel matrix contributes to increased short-chain fatty acid production and favorable alterations in gut microbial composition. Notably, the therapeutic efficacy of F₂-Ast@NGs is markedly attenuated in Foxp3⁺ Treg-depleted mice, supporting an important role for Treg-mediated immunoregulation. Collectively, F₂-Ast@NGs enable precise colonic delivery while coordinately remodeling the intestinal immune and microbial microenvironment, providing a promising oral nanotherapeutic strategy for colitis in aged hosts.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.",
    "Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.",
    "School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China.",
    "School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lei Zhao",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2367-1355"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xinyun Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qian Ren",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-1039-9801"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xue Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Meifang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Rongshen Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Haocheng Du"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yan Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peigen Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiangyun Liu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7316-0430"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jian Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4372-2826"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Ma",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6731-1266"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7580jzr21sd15.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/advs.78123",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13676816",
  "id": "7580jzr21sd15",
  "issns": [
    "2198-3844"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42893426",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1311|Inflammatory Bowel Disease"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222873903",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13676816?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13676816",
  "pmid": "42893426",
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7580jzr21sd15.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42893426",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42893426"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1311|Inflammatory Bowel Disease",
      "subfield": "genetics-genomics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Oral Astilbin Nanogels Modulate Senescence-Associated CD4⁺ T Cells and Promote Treg Induction in Aged Mice with Colitis.",
  "title_text": "Oral Astilbin Nanogels Modulate Senescence-Associated CD4⁺ T Cells and Promote Treg Induction in Aged Mice with Colitis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7580jzr21sd15",
  "venue": "Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)",
  "versions": []
}