{
  "abstract": "Objective\n\nThe appropriateness of pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy is not well characterized, and there is concern for substantially greater mortality on the basis of results of trials such as Intergroup-0139. Here, we present current use and outcomes of pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.Methods\n\nUsing the National Cancer Database, we identified and included adults with clinical stage I-III lung adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma who were diagnosed between 2018 and 2023 and treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by lobectomy or pneumonectomy. Three-year overall survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier. Propensity matching and Cox proportional hazards models were based on patient and tumor characteristics.Results\n\nThe study included 2703 (94%) lobectomies and 173 (6%) pneumonectomies. Patients who underwent pneumonectomy had a more advanced T stage (64% vs 47% T3+, P < .001) but a lower comorbidity burden (71% vs 58% Charlson-Deyo of 0, P = .01). They had greater rates of 30-day unplanned readmission (9% vs 4%, P = .001) and R1+ resection (7.1% vs 3.9%, P = .046) but comparable 90-day mortality (<4.5% vs 2%, P = .24). Unadjusted 3-year overall survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups: 80% for pneumonectomy and 82% for lobectomy (P = .08). Similar trends were observed after propensity-matching for patient and tumor characteristics: 79% for pneumonectomy and 78% for lobectomy (P = .19). On Cox models, pneumonectomy was associated with a greater hazard ratio of mortality, but this was not statistically significant (odds ratio, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.91-2.68; P = .09).Conclusions\n\nPneumonectomy after induction chemoimmunotherapy demonstrated comparable early survival with lobectomy among selected patients in the United States. Use of pneumonectomy after chemoimmunotherapy in appropriate candidates appears reasonable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.",
    "Yale Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Giorgio Caturegli"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ebony Jernigan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maureen Canavan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abigail Lynch"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ryan Kramer"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jayaditya Patil"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Gabriela Esnaola"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Daniel J Boffa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin J Resio"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7604farnvntt5.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.xjon.2026.102047",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13711314",
  "id": "7604farnvntt5",
  "issns": [
    "2666-2736"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948574",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Thoracic: Lung Cancer"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7202197788",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13711314?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13711314",
  "pmid": "42948574",
  "published": "2026-08-11",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7604farnvntt5.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:35Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42948574",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948574"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:22:07Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711314",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjon.2026.102047"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Is pneumonectomy appropriate after chemoimmunotherapy? Outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by pneumonectomy in the United States.",
  "title_text": "Is pneumonectomy appropriate after chemoimmunotherapy? Outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by pneumonectomy in the United States.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:22:07Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7604farnvntt5",
  "venue": "JTCVS open",
  "versions": []
}