{
  "abstract": "Polar skyrmions, the electric analogues of magnetic skyrmions, form arrays in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices that are known to be only short-range ordered, but how this disordered ensemble is organized in three dimensions, and how its microscopic structure underlies this organization, have remained largely inaccessible. Here, using three-dimensional difference pair distribution function (3D-ΔPDF) analysis of X-ray diffuse scattering, we show that the polar skyrmion bubbles form a three-dimensional lattice gas: they occupy discrete sites, but their order extends over only a few neighbours and is two to three times stronger across the SrTiO3 spacers than within a layer. This interlayer coupling is consistent with the polarization of the bubbles extending into the spacers. Within each bubble, the polarization rotates in a predominantly Néel-type manner, and Pb and Ti rotate together with comparable picometre displacements, demonstrating that both A- and B-site cations take part in the polar distortion.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.22309",
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Joohee Bang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nives Strkalj"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hugo Aramberri"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stephan Rosenkranz"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arkadiy Simonov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Morgan Trassin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thomas Weber"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/76k8qteb728n4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.22309",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "76k8qteb728n4",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.22309",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222455541",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.22309",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-15",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/76k8qteb728n4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:29:50Z",
      "native_id": "2610.22309",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.22309"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From picometre displacements to a three-dimensional lattice gas of polar skyrmions",
  "title_text": "From picometre displacements to a three-dimensional lattice gas of polar skyrmions",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:29:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/76k8qteb728n4",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}