{
  "abstract": "Purpose: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are severe illnesses associated with high mortality. Delays in obtaining microbial culture results often hinder timely targeted antimicrobial therapy. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of rapid pathogen identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) in BSIs. Methods: Positive blood culture (BC) broth was transferred into separation gel vacuum blood collection tubes for preprocessing, followed by pathogen identification via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Identification concordance rates (ICRs) were calculated against the conventional reference method. Bacterial membrane rapid AST (BMR-AST) and positive blood culture medium rapid AST (PBCMR-AST) were performed using cultured bacterial membrane and raw positive BC medium, respectively, with results compared to conventional method. Results: A total of 210 specimens were analysed for rapid ID. ICRs were 74.6% (88/118) for Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), 37.2% (29/78) for Gram-positive bacteria (GPB), and 14.3% (2/14) for fungi. BMR-AST yielded category agreement (CA) >96% for 58 GNB (96.8%, 1125/1162) and 24 Gram-positive cocci (GPC, 97.7%, 334/342), with essential agreement (EA) above 97% for both groups. PBCMR-AST achieved 94.1% CA (270/287) among 65 Enterobacterales; overall CA reached 94.7% (557/588) across 70 GNB and 28 GPC for additional antimicrobials. Conclusion: This rapid ID workflow performed well for GNB but suboptimally for GPB and fungi. Both rapid ASTs showed excellent concordance with the standard method for both GNB and GPC. These approaches can substantially shorten the turnaround time of positive BCs and hold promising clinical value for early BSI management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China",
    "School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China",
    "Yunkang School of Medicine and Health, Nanfang College Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China",
    "Department of Molecular Diagnostics, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wenna Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiaomin Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Nansong Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Xiaohui Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fangqi Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Qianyan Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Minqi Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zulu Ye"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xin Zheng"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/78q0ydp7j5zz1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0358947",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "78q0ydp7j5zz1",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358947",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1308|Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Bacterial pathogens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Microbial control/Antimicrobials"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Microbial control/Antimicrobials/Antibiotics"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Fungi"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine/Clinical laboratory sciences/Clinical laboratories"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Bacterial pathogens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pharmacology/Drugs/Antimicrobials"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pharmacology/Drugs/Antimicrobials/Antibiotics"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pharmacology/Pharmacologic analysis/Antibiotic susceptibility testing/Bacterial disk diffusion"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Chemistry/Analytical chemistry/Mass spectrometry/Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Spectrum analysis techniques/Mass spectrometry/Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7214107013",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0358947&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/78q0ydp7j5zz1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:43Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0358947",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358947"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:microbiology",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:pharmacology",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
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    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:anatomy",
      "subfield": "physiology"
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  "title": "Rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pathogenic microorganisms from positive blood cultures",
  "title_text": "Rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pathogenic microorganisms from positive blood cultures",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/78q0ydp7j5zz1",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}