{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nSouth Asian individuals have a high prevalence of elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], but little is known about the variation between disaggregated South Asian subgroups.Objectives\n\nThe authors aimed to evaluate Lp(a) levels, nongenetic influences, and the association with incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in South Asian populations using data from the Meditators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) and the UK Biobank (UKB) studies.Methods\n\nLp(a) levels were assessed by South Asian country of origin and by state among Indian-origin participants. The association between nongenetic factors and Lp(a) levels was evaluated in multivariable linear regression models. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the association between Lp(a) and ASCVD events in UKB participants.Results\n\nAmong 2,074 MASALA participants born in the South Asian subcontinent (mean age: 56.7 ± 9.6 years), median [Q1-Q3] Lp(a) was 20.7 [10.5-43.0] mg/dL with significant variation by country of origin (P = 0.035). Median Lp(a) was 23 [11-48], 19 [10-37], 22 [11-47], and 17 [10-34] mg/dL in participants from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, respectively. Vegetarian diet, statin use, postmenopausal status, and fewer years in the United States were associated with higher Lp(a) levels while alcohol consumption was associated with lower Lp(a) levels. However, these associations were all very modest. Among 6,845 UKB participants (mean age: 55.1 ± 8.7 years; median Lp(a): 31 [13-65] nmol/L), the associations between Lp(a) and ASCVD did not vary by country of origin or South Asian ethnicity (P interaction > 0.05).Conclusions\n\nThere is modest variation in Lp(a) levels, but no difference in the association between Lp(a) and ASCVD outcomes, across South Asian subgroups.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA.",
    "University of California-San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA.",
    "Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.",
    "Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California-San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA.",
    "Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.",
    "Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.",
    "Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.",
    "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.",
    "Baylor Scott & White Health, The Heart Hospital, Plano, Texas, USA.",
    "Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky, USA.",
    "Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California-San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA. Electronic address: hsbhatia@health.ucsd.edu."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kavenpreet S Bal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mikaila P Reyes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alka M Kanaya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Pam Taub"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Michael Y Tsai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Namratha R Kandula"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Nadia Islam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Michael J Wilkinson"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mattheus Ramsis",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0666-8461"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ehtisham Mahmud"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Nilay S Shah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Anandita Kulkarni"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Dinesh Kalra"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Harpreet S Bhatia"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/79n7tzt66d7pb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.103329",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685961",
  "id": "79n7tzt66d7pb",
  "issns": [
    "2772-963X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42868967",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221588771",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685961?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13685961",
  "pmid": "42868967",
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/79n7tzt66d7pb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:00Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42868967",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42868967"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Lipoprotein(a) in Disaggregated South Asian Groups: An Analysis of MASALA and the UK Biobank.",
  "title_text": "Lipoprotein(a) in Disaggregated South Asian Groups: An Analysis of MASALA and the UK Biobank.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/79n7tzt66d7pb",
  "venue": "JACC. Advances",
  "versions": []
}