{
  "abstract": "Exercise is a well-established modulator of glucose regulation, but whether the time of day it is performed matters for healthy, free-living adults remains unresolved. In a randomised crossover trial, 29 healthy adults completed a single 30-minute bout of moderate-intensity exercise in the morning (07:00-10:00) and in the evening (16:00-19:00), with continuous glucose monitoring and wrist-worn activity tracking used to capture responses over an 8-day free-living protocol. Evening exercise produced a significantly greater acute reduction in blood glucose (P < 0.001) compared to morning exercise, but this did not translate into consistent differences in overall daily mean glycaemic exposure, whether measured over the calendar day or over a window aligned with exercise onset. Evening exercise was linked to greater within-day glycaemic variability than morning exercise, with the clearest evidence coming from the circadian-aligned analysis (day x timing interaction, SD: P = 0.00939; CV: P = 0.00766). Appetite rose after exercise in both conditions, with no difference by time of day. Taken together, these results show that exercise timing does not change how much glucose exposure a healthy adult accumulates over a day, but it does change the shape of the glucose response around the exercise bout itself, a distinction only visible when glucose is examined at a finer temporal resolution than daily averages allow.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "L. T. Dasar"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Hamilton"
    },
    {
      "name": "D. Borisova"
    },
    {
      "name": "I. Lewis"
    },
    {
      "name": "V. Kjellin-Bennett"
    },
    {
      "name": "V. Gargano"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Prakash"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Beaulieu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "B. M. Gabriel"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7akk06md8h6m0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.30.763114",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763114v1.full",
  "id": "7akk06md8h6m0",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763114v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763114v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7akk06md8h6m0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T00:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.30.763114",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.30.763114v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "biorxiv:physiology",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "No Effect of Exercise Timing on Daily Glycaemia Despite Shifts in Acute Glucose Dynamics in Participants with Normal Glucose Tolerance: A Randomised Crossover Trial",
  "title_text": "No Effect of Exercise Timing on Daily Glycaemia Despite Shifts in Acute Glucose Dynamics in Participants with Normal Glucose Tolerance: A Randomised Crossover Trial",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T00:21:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7akk06md8h6m0",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}