{
  "abstract": "Introduction: People who have undergone dysvascular major lower limb amputation (LLA) are at high risk for adverse clinical outcomes, including undernutrition. However, prevalence of undernutrition in this population is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the nutritional intake and prevalence of undernutrition post-LLA, and to identify determinants of undernutrition. Methods: In this prospective longitudinal observational study, adults who underwent a dysvascular major LLA were included in six hospitals (n = 81). At several measurement occasions following amputation (<12 days, 5 weeks, 6 months, 9 months), participants’ nutritional intake (24-hour recall) and nutritional status (Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment, body mass index, grip strength, mid upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfold) were determined. Furthermore, the Dutch Healthy Diet index was determined. Potential determinants of undernutrition, i.e., age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, LLA level, uni/bilateral LLA, education level, living situation, smoking status, pain level, and physical activity level, were assessed using mixed effect models. Results: Median [Q1; Q3] energy intake was 1647 [1178; 2199], 2053 [1516; 2340], 1920 [1263; 2240], and 1797 [1343; 2211] kcal/day (p = 0.002), and protein intake was 76 [59; 100], 88 [68; 114], 84 [64; 101], and 75 [57; 97] grams/day (p = 0.017) at <12 days, 5 weeks, 6 months, and 9 months post-LLA, respectively. Prevalence of undernutrition was 83%, 56%, 28%, and 24%. Determinants of undernutrition were: living in a care facility (OR=6.2, p < 0.001) and lower physical activity (OR=0.96 for every hour of physical activity/week, p = 0.006). Need for nutritional intervention was present in 100%, 82%, 67% and 54% of participants at <12 days, 5 weeks, 6 months, and 9 months post-LLA. Conclusion: Inadequate nutritional intake and undernutrition are alarmingly prevalent post-LLA. Living in a care facility and lower physical activity are determinants of undernutrition. Interventions to improve nutritional status, to potentially optimize clinical outcomes in the dysvascular major LLA population are highly needed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dietetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands",
    "Department Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Research Unit Experimental Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium",
    "Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Vascular Surgery, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Surgery, Treant Hospital, Emmen, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
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        0
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      "name": "Aniek M. Kolen"
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        1
      ],
      "name": "Leonie A. Krops"
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    {
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        2
      ],
      "name": "Harriët Jager-Wittenaar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Martijn L. Dijkstra"
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    {
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        4
      ],
      "name": "B. Paul J. A. Keller"
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    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jacques Oskam"
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    {
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        6
      ],
      "name": "Bastiaan P. Vierhout"
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    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Jean-Paul P. M. de Vries"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Laurens van Walraven"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wim P. Krijnen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rienk Dekker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jan H. B. Geertzen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7akrv8pdj87vy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0342726",
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  "issns": [
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  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0342726",
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  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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  "native_subjects": [
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      "2737|Nutrition and Health in Aging"
    ],
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      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biomechanics/Hand strength"
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  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0342726&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
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  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
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  "title": "Undernutrition is alarmingly prevalent in the dysvascular major lower limb amputation population: A prospective cohort study",
  "title_text": "Undernutrition is alarmingly prevalent in the dysvascular major lower limb amputation population: A prospective cohort study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7akrv8pdj87vy",
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