{
  "abstract": "According to the AT(N) framework, Alzheimers disease (AD) can be biologically characterised by amyloid deposition, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration, yet how these processes relate to whole-brain dynamics remains unclear. Here, we investigated these relationships and the link between whole-brain dynamics and cognitive dysfunction using multimodal neuroimaging from 145 ADNI3 participants. We combined multiscale measures of turbulent dynamics with responses to in silico perturbations obtained from whole-brain models. AD progression was characterised by a scale-dependent reorganisation of turbulent dynamics where information flow showed the strongest contribution to the dynamics-related variance in cognitive performance. Large-scale turbulence was associated with all three AT(N) components. Model-based information capability and susceptibility measures progressively decreased across AD stages and were associated with amyloid burden and regional tau deposition. Model-free features discriminated comparisons involving AD dementia, whereas adding model-based measures produced modest, metric-dependent changes in classification performance. Exploratory analyses showed spatial alignment between large-scale turbulence alterations and AD-risk gene-expression gradients, with APOE among the strongest associations in both disease-stage contrasts examined. Lastly, we found a progressive decoupling between turbulent dynamics and the E:I balance across AD stages. Together, these findings link model-based and model-free measures of whole-brain dynamics to proteinopathy, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment, supporting their complementary value for characterising AD progression.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Pompeu Fabra University"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "N. Martinez-Molina"
    },
    {
      "name": "D. Aquilue-Llorens"
    },
    {
      "name": "L. Rass"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. Montana-Valverde"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. Patow"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Escrichs"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Sanz-Perl"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. L. Kringelbach"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Palva"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. de Maestu"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. Deco"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7c7ngn5cq0y15.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318v1.full",
  "id": "7c7ngn5cq0y15",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "neurology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2805|Functional Brain Connectivity Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221615077",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7c7ngn5cq0y15.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:49Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.12.26365318v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:neurology",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Turbulent dynamics and in silico perturbation-based measures are disrupted across biological stages of Alzheimers disease",
  "title_text": "Turbulent dynamics and in silico perturbation-based measures are disrupted across biological stages of Alzheimers disease",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7c7ngn5cq0y15",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}