{
  "abstract": "Concomitant immunity is protective adaptive immunity conferred by pre-existing infection against subsequent exposures. This phenomenon is effective in the context of human tuberculosis (TB) and has been successfully recapitulated in non-human primates (NHPs). We previously demonstrated that depletion of CD4 T cells prior to secondary challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) only partially abrogated protection, implicating a critical role for additional cell types. Here, we describe the effects of depleting CD8 expressing cells in this model. CD4+ T cells in the airway were unable to compensate for lost cytotoxicity due to CD8 depletion. Contrary to the results of CD4 depletion, CD8 depleted animals exhibited a unique inability to limit Mtb dissemination, with significant lymph node involvement despite a short 4-week infection. These data suggest that concomitant immunity relies on non-redundant roles played by CD8+ lymphocytes. Thus, future vaccines should be designed to induce effective responses by both CD4+ and CD8+ populations to maximize efficacy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 2Center for Vaccine Research, University o"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 25,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "A. W. Simonson"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. C. Chao"
    },
    {
      "name": "E. G. Bothwell"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. Shan"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. A. Rodgers"
    },
    {
      "name": "L. E. Hood"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. Hopkins"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. R. Chase"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Callendrello"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. A. Smith"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. J. Kelly"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. L. Ameel"
    },
    {
      "name": "E. Klein"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Schober"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Kracinovsky"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. A. Tomko"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. Chishti"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Malin"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. J. Borish"
    },
    {
      "name": "P. Maiello"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. A. Scanga"
    },
    {
      "name": "P. L. Lin"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. K. Shalek"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. M. Fortune"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "J. L. Flynn"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7etagqppxf8qw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.29.762796",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.762796v1.full",
  "id": "7etagqppxf8qw",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.762796v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "immunology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.762796v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7etagqppxf8qw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T00:21:38Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.29.762796",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.762796v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Protection against disseminated disease following reinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires CD8+ lymphocytes",
  "title_text": "Protection against disseminated disease following reinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires CD8+ lymphocytes",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T00:21:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7etagqppxf8qw",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}