{
  "abstract": "Neoadjuvant therapy is expanding rapidly across tumor types, yet efficacy endpoints remain anchored in subjective tumor regression grading systems developed for cytotoxic therapy. We argue that post-treatment histopathology should evolve toward quantitative and biologically interpretable metrics integrating tumor burden, immune contexture, and spatial organization. We outline a validation pathway distinguishing prognostic biomarkers from true surrogate endpoints and propose a tumor- and regimen-aware framework for developing reproducible histologic endpoints in neoadjuvant oncology.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Abdominal Surgery Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium",
    "Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China",
    "Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium",
    "Laboratory for Digestive Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium",
    "Aurigen SA, Lausanne, Sonic Healthcare Ltd subsidiary, Lausanne, Switzerland",
    "Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland",
    "Gastrointestinal Oncology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cédric Schraepen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Albert Wolthuis"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wentao Tang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "André D’Hoore"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Giuseppe Floris"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Allyson M. Peddle"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xavier Sagaert"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Sara Verbandt"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Thomas McKee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Inti Zlobec"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianmin Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Sabine Tejpar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Gertjan Rasschaert"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f4z1wkmdbxva.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41698-026-01592-x",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13696704/",
  "id": "7f4z1wkmdbxva",
  "issns": [
    "2397-768X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-026-01592-x",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Perspective"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1306|Breast Cancer Treatment Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167266238",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41698-026-01592-x_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13696704",
  "pmid": "42399447",
  "published": "2026-07-03",
  "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f4z1wkmdbxva.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13696704",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41698-026-01592-x"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1306|Breast Cancer Treatment Studies",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From tumor regression grading to interpretable endpoints in neoadjuvant oncology",
  "title_text": "From tumor regression grading to interpretable endpoints in neoadjuvant oncology",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f4z1wkmdbxva",
  "venue": "NPJ Precision Oncology",
  "versions": []
}