{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (IVCF-20) are multidimensional screening instruments that differ in the domains assessed, scoring systems, and classification thresholds, which may lead to different frailty-related classifications. Although both instruments are used to identify vulnerability in older adults, the extent to which their classifications agree remains insufficiently characterized. This study compared EFS and IVCF-20 classifications among community-dwelling older adults by examining category distribution, cross-classification, agreement, and correlation between total scores. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 110 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years recruited by convenience sampling from a public community center in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil. Participants completed the EFS and IVCF-20 during the same assessment session. Agreement across the original three ordinal categories was evaluated using linear-weighted Cohen's kappa, and the relationship between total scores was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: The EFS classified 43.6% of participants as non-frail, 31.8% as pre-frail, and 24.5% as frail, whereas the IVCF-20 classified 43.6% as robust, 37.3% as potentially frail, and 19.1% as frail. Exact agreement was observed in 65.5% of participants (95% CI: 56.2-73.7%), and linear-weighted Cohen's kappa indicated moderate agreement (κ = 0.543; 95% CI: 0.415-0.670; p < 0.001). Most discordant classifications occurred between adjacent categories. Total scores were strongly positively correlated (Spearman's ρ = 0.745; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The EFS and IVCF-20 showed a strong correlation between total scores but only moderate agreement between frailty-related classifications. Although the instruments capture related dimensions of vulnerability, their classifications should not be considered interchangeable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade de Rio Verde, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Campus Universitário, P.O. Box 104, Rio Verde 75901-970, GO, Brazil.",
    "Postgraduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Evangelical University of Goiás, Campus Anápolis, Av. Universitária, Km 3.5, Cidade Universitária, Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil.",
    "Department of Medicine, Universidade de Rio Verde, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Campus Universitário, P.O. Box 104, Rio Verde 75901-970, GO, Brazil.",
    "IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad 651, Curauma, Valparaíso 2581967, Chile."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ana Paula Felix Arantes",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7147-7346"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Fabiana Machado Pires",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2839-5537"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Rodrigo Franco de Oliveira",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8074-8083"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maria Fernanda Pereira Costa Carvalho",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-9109-7203"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Lorenna Guimarães Pereira",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-8095-2145"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vitor Oliveira Arantes",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-0787-6187"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mariana de Jesus Ferreira",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-1781-6667"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Guilherme Martins Oliveira",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-8118-0044"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Maria Fernanda Gomes Pereira",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-6612-2502"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Gabriela Evangelista Nascimento",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-0864-0683"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Renato Canevari Dutra da Silva",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6428-2823"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adriana Vieira Macedo Brugnoli",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7804-0331"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Caroline Brand",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5624-3592"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires Oliveira",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5765-1897"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f6wvef6je338.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/geriatrics11050141",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704651",
  "id": "7f6wvef6je338",
  "issns": [
    "2308-3417"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930020",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2717|Frailty in Older Adults"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220848227",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704651?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13704651",
  "pmid": "42930020",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f6wvef6je338.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42930020",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930020"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2717|Frailty in Older Adults",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Screening Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing the Edmonton Frail Scale and the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20.",
  "title_text": "Screening Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing the Edmonton Frail Scale and the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7f6wvef6je338",
  "venue": "Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}