{
  "abstract": "Objectives: To provide a descriptive analysis of the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing results for all 39,661 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected by the ATLAS global surveillance programme data from 2020 to 2024 with a focus on ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam activities against carbapenem-resistant and DTR (difficult-to-treat resistance) phenotypes. Methods: MICs were determined using reference CLSI broth microdilution testing and interpreted by 2026 CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints. Results: Ceftazidime-avibactam (90.6% susceptible; MIC 90 , 8 µg/mL) and ceftolozane-tazobactam (89.8% susceptible; MIC 90 , 8 µg/mL) demonstrated similar in vitro activities against all P. aeruginosa isolates. Percent susceptible values for ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and meropenem were lowest in Africa (ceftazidime-avibactam, 84.6%; ceftolozane-tazobactam, 82.1%; meropenem, 74.0%) and Latin America (86.5%; 84.7%; 69.8%), and highest in North America (94.8%; 95.1%; 81.6%) and the South Pacific (96.2%; 96.3%; 88.9%). Annual percent susceptible values for ceftazidime-avibactam (range, 90.2% in 2023 to 91.6% in 2022) and ceftolozane-tazobactam (range, 89.6% in 2023 to 90.8% in 2022) did not change over the five years studied. Overall, 26.1% of isolates were carbapenem-resistant; 68.0% and 65.6% of carbapenem-resistant isolates were ceftazidime-avibactam-susceptible and ceftolozane-tazobactam-susceptible, respectively. A DTR phenotype was present for 8.0% of isolates; 30.4% and 28.5% of DTR isolates were ceftazidime-avibactam-susceptible and ceftolozane-tazobactam-susceptible, respectively. In total, 4,641 of all 39,661 isolates (11.7%) were ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant and/or ceftolozane-tazobactam-nonsusceptible; 67.5% of these isolates were both ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant and ceftolozane-tazobactam-nonsusceptible, 19.6% were ceftolozane-tazobactam-nonsusceptible and ceftazidime-avibactam-susceptible, and 12.9% were ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant and ceftolozane-tazobactam-susceptible. Conclusion: Approximately 90% of global clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa from 2020 to 2024 remained susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "IHMA, Schaumburg, IL, USA",
    "Pfizer, New York, NY, USA",
    "IHMA, Schaumburg, IL, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Corresponding author. Mailing address: IHMA, 2122 Palmer Drive, Schaumburg, IL, 60173, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mark A. Estabrook"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gregory G. Stone"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Katherine K. Perez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "James A. Karlowsky"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7fayg1h2twx7g.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.jgar.2026.10.001",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716526001864",
  "id": "7fayg1h2twx7g",
  "issns": [
    "2213-7165",
    "2213-7173"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2026.10.001",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QR1-502"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221553093",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-31",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7fayg1h2twx7g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:22:44Z",
      "native_id": "10a58466c35c43deb9651a5e26c054ed",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2026.10.001"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "lcc:QR1-502",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Comparison of the",
  "title_text": "Comparison of the",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T14:20:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7fayg1h2twx7g",
  "venue": "Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance",
  "versions": []
}