{
  "abstract": "Solar-driven photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis is critically hampered by bulk charge recombination and spin-forbidden surface kinetics. This study proposes a rare-earth 4f-state-mediated strategy that simultaneously reconstructs the band structure and induces spin polarization. Using Aurivillius-phase Bi3TiNbO9 as a ferroelectric model system, we show that low-concentration Ce doping engenders three synergistic effects via a full-pathway charge-dynamics regulation: (i) Ce-induced lattice distortion enhances ferroelectric polarization, reinforcing the polarization electric field for directional charge separation; (ii) band-edge reconstruction reduces both carrier effective masses and exciton binding energy, accelerating exciton dissociation and carrier transport; and (iii) the unpaired 4f1 electron of Ce3+ induces spin polarization, effectively lowering the spin-related kinetic barriers for H2O2 generation. Consequently, Ce-doped Bi3TiNbO9 delivers an H2O2 production rate of 1151.7 µmol g−1 h−1 in pure water, a 6.9-fold enhancement over pristine Bi3TiNbO9. Critically, applying a 300 mT external magnetic field further boosts the rate to 1831.2 µmol g−1 h−1, providing direct evidence for spin-polarization-controlled photocatalysis. H2O2 is selectively generated through synergistic 2e− oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and water oxidation reaction (WOR) pathways, while the competing side reactions are effectively suppressed. This work demonstrates an integrated 4f-mediated charge–spin regulation strategy that couples charge separation with spin-dependent surface reaction kinetics for efficient H2O2 photosynthesis.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Renzhi Xiong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yiyun Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Enyi Hong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yanhe Xiao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Baochang Cheng",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0641-1690"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuijin Lei",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4586-4059"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7h205mysgj40r.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6sc04986a",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13543211/",
  "id": "7h205mysgj40r",
  "issns": [
    "2041-6520",
    "2041-6539"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc04986a",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-3.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 3.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2105|Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204605554",
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/sc/article-pdf/doi/10.1039/D6SC04986A/13727362/d6sc04986a.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13543211",
  "pmid": "42699428",
  "published": "2026-08-28",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7h205mysgj40r.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:23:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13543211",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc04986a"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:1605|Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes",
      "subfield": "organic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Selective H2O2 photosynthesis in ferroelectric photocatalyst: rare-earth 4f-state-mediated charge–spin regulation",
  "title_text": "Selective H2O2 photosynthesis in ferroelectric photocatalyst: rare-earth 4f-state-mediated charge–spin regulation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:20:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7h205mysgj40r",
  "venue": "Chemical Science",
  "versions": []
}