{
  "abstract": "目的为探究黄土高原旱作麦区探墒沟播模式下水分高效利用的氮肥利用方式。方法于2021—2023年在黄土高原东部山西闻喜开展大田试验，以探墒沟播和常规条播为主区，以监控施肥（N-P-K：77.8-61.3-38.2）、监控减氮（N-P-K： 0-61.3-38.2）、监控减磷（N-P-K： 77.8-0-38.2）、监控减钾（N-P-K：77.8-61.3-0）及农户施肥（N-P-K： 180-60-60）为副区。结果探墒沟播较常规条播可显著提高拔节—成熟期0~200 cm土层蓄水量4~17 mm，降低花前耗水量1~16 mm，增加花后耗水量4~6 mm，显著增加群体分蘖数，成穗率有提高但未达显著水平，显著增加花后干物质积累量对籽粒的贡献率，提高可孕小穗数和花后0~35 d千粒重，增加穗数、穗粒数和千粒重，显著提高产量3%~9%。采用探墒沟播，监控施肥（减氮56%、增磷2%、减钾36%）较农户施肥，可显著降低旱地小麦花前0~200 cm土层土壤耗水量4~6 mm，增加花后耗水量2~4 mm，增加群体有效分蘖数，但产量和水分利用效率无显著差异；较监控减氮、监控减磷和监控减钾显著提高越冬—开花期0~200 cm土层土壤蓄水量5~28 mm，降低花前土壤耗水量2~16 mm，增加花后土壤耗水量4~10 mm，显著提高成穗率，花后0~35 d千粒重，显著提高产量3%~13%，提高水分利用效率3%~14%。相关性分析表明，花后干物质积累及其对籽粒的贡献率、千粒重和产量均与花前土壤水分和花后耗水呈显著正相关（r=0.68~0.84），穗粒数与花后干物质积累量呈显著正相关（r=0.71），产量与花后干物质积累对籽粒的贡献率呈极显著正相关（r=0.89）。结论探墒沟播配合监控施肥（减氮56%、增磷2%、减钾36%）利于减少旱地麦田花前耗水，增加花后耗水、有效穗数和可孕小穗数的形成，花后干物质积累对于促进籽粒灌浆和增产具有关键作用，研究结果可为旱地小麦高产高效提供理论依据。",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "胡艾"
    },
    {
      "name": "张凯"
    },
    {
      "name": "王兆基"
    },
    {
      "name": "韩旭阳"
    },
    {
      "name": "高志强"
    },
    {
      "name": "孙敏"
    },
    {
      "name": "林文"
    },
    {
      "name": "任爱霞"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hv0dd1tt3vqz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": null,
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.stbcxb.com.cn/zh/article/doi/10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.033/",
  "id": "7hv0dd1tt3vqz",
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    "1009-2242"
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  "landing_url": "http://www.stbcxb.com.cn/zh/article/doi/10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.033/",
  "language": "zh",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "GE1-350"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "S"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-24",
  "publisher": "Editorial Department of Journal of Soil and Water Conservation",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hv0dd1tt3vqz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:47Z",
      "native_id": "c57b2dc2e1004d7a8abaffa3692e0f89",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "http://www.stbcxb.com.cn/zh/article/doi/10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.05.033/"
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  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "lcc:GE1-350",
      "subfield": "environmental-science"
    }
  ],
  "title": "监控施肥对探墒沟播旱地小麦产量形成及水分利用的影响",
  "title_text": "监控施肥对探墒沟播旱地小麦产量形成及水分利用的影响",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:44:47Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hv0dd1tt3vqz",
  "venue": "Shuitu Baochi Xuebao",
  "versions": []
}