{
  "abstract": "Collective coherent (CC) noise poses challenges for fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC), as it is not captured by conventional stochastic noise models. Constant-excitation (CE) codes are inherently immune to CC errors, but a fault-tolerant framework for operating these codes under circuit-level noise has not yet been established. Here, we develop an FTEC framework for CE CSS codes based on dual-rail concatenation. We show that conventional transversal CNOT gates violate the CE constraint and develop CE-preserving logical CNOT gates together with modified Shor- and Steane-type syndrome extraction schemes using zero-controlled NOT gates and CE-compatible ancilla states. We further develop an extended stabilizer simulation algorithm that tracks both stochastic and CC noise. Using this framework, we identify small distance-3 CE CSS codes demonstrate that the [[14, 1, 3]] code maintains robust performance under coherent noise. Our results establish a fault-tolerant framework for CE codes under circuit-level noise and demonstrate their potential for quantum processors affected by CC noise.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ching-Yi Lai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pei-Hao Liou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yingkai Ouyang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hw5y6w4yknwg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41534-026-01401-0",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7hw5y6w4yknwg",
  "issns": [
    "2056-6387"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-026-01401-0",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hw5y6w4yknwg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T00:21:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41534-026-01401-0",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-026-01401-0"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "issn:2056-6387",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for constant-excitation stabilizer codes under coherent noise",
  "title_text": "Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for constant-excitation stabilizer codes under coherent noise",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T00:22:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hw5y6w4yknwg",
  "venue": "npj Quantum Information",
  "versions": []
}