{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives:Tetrastigma hemsleyanum is a traditional medicinal plant whose tuberous roots are rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids, but how the relative abundance of these constituents changes across growth years remains poorly resolved. Methods: Tuberous roots from five growth years (S1–S5; three independently grown plants per year) were analyzed by UHPLC–Orbitrap-MS-based untargeted metabolomics. Annotations were graded using Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) criteria: of 349 curated entries, 252 were Level 2 and 56 Level 3, and none reached Level 1 because authentic standards were not analyzed. Results: Principal component analysis showed non-linear differentiation, with first-year roots the most distinct. Combined VIP, fold-change, and t-test criteria identified 264 differential entries between adjacent growth years, all remaining significant after Benjamini–Hochberg correction (q < 0.01). Flavonol-related features (e.g., quercetin-related signals, myricetin, and rutin) were relatively abundant at S1; flavone C-glycoside, flavan-3-ol, and phenolic-acid features (e.g., vitexin, catechin, and ferulic acid) at S3; and amino-acid, organic-acid, and nucleotide features at S4. KEGG mapping of 46 differential annotations indicated flavonoid- and amino-acid-related pathways. Conclusions: Given the small sample size, relative peak-area data, and putative annotations, these results are hypothesis-generating; they identify candidate stages and constituents for targeted quantification rather than an optimal harvest year.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China",
    "Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of New Pollutants, School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China",
    "State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China",
    "College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mingli Ye"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Boya Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xin Li",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9213-3000"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Haifeng Han"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yukai Ba"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhengrui Chen",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-8416-2711"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yu Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yonggang Zhao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hz2kwkvc7r4b.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/metabo16110831",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7hz2kwkvc7r4b",
  "issns": [
    "2218-1989"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/16/11/831",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hz2kwkvc7r4b.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:55Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/metabo16110831",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/16/11/831"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2218-1989",
      "subfield": "proteomics-metabolomics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Untargeted Metabolomics Profiling of Growth-Year-Associated Changes in Relative Metabolite Abundance in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Tuberous Roots",
  "title_text": "Untargeted Metabolomics Profiling of Growth-Year-Associated Changes in Relative Metabolite Abundance in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Tuberous Roots",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T00:20:53Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7hz2kwkvc7r4b",
  "venue": "Metabolites",
  "versions": []
}