{
  "abstract": "Undernutrition and infectious diseases pose a double threat to child survival, especially in areas with a high malnutrition burden and low vaccination coverage. In this study, we evaluated whether distributing preventive small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) alongside routine immunization services may increase vaccine uptake in a pediatric, pragmatic, cluster-randomized controlled trial in northern Nigeria. Twenty geographically defined clusters across two Local Government Areas were randomized 1:1 to the NutriVax strategy (intervention) or standard National Program of Immunization (NPI) services (control). NutriVax provided a monthly ration of SQ-LNS to children aged 6-23 months after routine NPI delivery at primary healthcare centers. The primary outcome was coverage of the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) verified by vaccination card among children aged 12-23 months, assessed in an endline population-based household cross-sectional survey 12 months after conducting a similar baseline survey. The endline survey included 1,604 children (801 control, 803 NutriVax); 48% of children surveyed in intervention clusters had ever received SQ-LNS. The odds of receiving card-verified MCV1 were two times higher in the NutriVax arm than in the control arm (odds ratio = 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-3.35, P = 0.004). The difference-in-differences, cluster conditional analysis indicated a 20.1 percentage-point (pp) increase in MCV1 coverage from baseline (95% CI: 13.7-26.5 pp, P < 0.0001) relative to the control arm. Co-delivering SQ-LNS with routine immunization substantially improved card-verified MCV1 uptake, supporting a scalable strategy to make progress toward targets set by the World Health Organization's Immunization Agenda 2030 in similar settings. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06387511 .",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 26,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Cécile Cazes"
    },
    {
      "name": "Baba Waru Goni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Delphine Gabillard"
    },
    {
      "name": "Olumuyiwa Owolabi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brice Yapi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Juliet Nabunje"
    },
    {
      "name": "Irine Atanga"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ariong'O M. Akinyi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Serge Danho"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eric Balestre"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anani Badje"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fatima Idriss"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mohammed Kasim"
    },
    {
      "name": "Muhammad M. Audu Bukarti"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chikezie Ugonna Emeka"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michelle Chouinard"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jean-Paul Mushenvula"
    },
    {
      "name": "Soma Bahonan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mélanie Plazy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ousmane Abdoulaye"
    },
    {
      "name": "Umar Chiroma"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hadiza Maina Adam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Camille Montfort"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nuru Suleiman Muhammad"
    },
    {
      "name": "Renaud Becquet"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kevin P. Q. Phelan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jk5bcmmnykra.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41591-026-04675-1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7jk5bcmmnykra",
  "issns": [
    "1078-8956",
    "1744-7933"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05784424v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdv.spee"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2916|Child Nutrition and Water Access"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7215992486",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-026-04675-1.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": "42827131",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jk5bcmmnykra.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:50Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05784424",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05784424v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "hal:0.sdv",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "hal:1.sdv.spee",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Small Quantity Lipid-Based Nutritional Supplementation and Measles Vaccination Coverage in Children Aged 6-23\\,Months: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial",
  "title_text": "Small Quantity Lipid-Based Nutritional Supplementation and Measles Vaccination Coverage in Children Aged 6-23\\,Months: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jk5bcmmnykra",
  "venue": "Nature Medicine",
  "versions": []
}