{
  "abstract": "Understanding dynamic activations of pathophysiological processes in the infected lungs is important for effective treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Time-course transcriptome analyses of infected lungs have been performed to address this issue. Since proteins actually execute the pathophysiological processes, however, the time-course transcriptome data provide limited information regarding their temporal transitions. Here, we present time-course proteomic profiling of lung tissues from K18-hACE2 transgenic mice using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis at day 0, 1, 2, 5, and 7 after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clustering analysis to identify early, intermediate, and late up-regulated proteins, analysis of pathways enriched by these proteins, and network analysis of early, intermediate, and late upregulated pathways revealed detailed dynamic activations of molecular networks perturbed upon infection, and further proposed five markers that represented early-to-intermediate activation of nonsense-mediated decay (Smg6 and Upf1), intermediate-to-late activation of phagocytosis (Fcgr4 and Lamp2), and late activation of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (Padi4) that could be associated with severe pathological transitions. Immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed these temporal upregulation patterns of the five markers identified from the time-course proteome data, and immunofluorescence analysis further confirmed that Padi4 was up-regulated predominantly in neutrophils at the late stage. Our temporal proteomic analysis suggests potential pathways and molecule markers that can be used to predict severe pathological transitions during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea",
    "Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, CHA University, CHA BIO COMPLEX, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformaics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea",
    "Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Biosafety Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, ChunCheon, Republic of Korea",
    "Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Institute of Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Program, Initiative for Biological Functions & Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "BIO MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 30,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Geun Hee Han"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Misol Do"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Dain On"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Haengdueng Jeong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jeong Jin Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Dohyun Han"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Dongyoon Shin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Kyunggon Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jung Seon Seo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Sung-Hee Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jiseon Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Donghun Jeon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hyuna Noh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Suhyeon Yoon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Sang Gyu Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Hyo-Jung Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Hong Bin Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Manki Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Man-Seong Park"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Kang-Seuk Choi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15
      ],
      "name": "Jun Won Park"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Jun-Won Yun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        17,
        18
      ],
      "name": "Jeon-Soo Shin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        19,
        20
      ],
      "name": "Ho-Young Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        21
      ],
      "name": "Hyuk Wan Ko"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jun-Young Seo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ki Taek Nam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Daehee Hwang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Youngsoo Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        9,
        22
      ],
      "name": "Je Kyung Seong"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jpaafzgdf2fy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.mcpro.2026.101618",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13697281/",
  "id": "7jpaafzgdf2fy",
  "issns": [
    "1535-9476",
    "1535-9484"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpro.2026.101618",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7167037720",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.mcponline.org/article/S1535-9476(26)00114-3/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13697281",
  "pmid": "42392362",
  "published": "2026-07-02",
  "publisher": "American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jpaafzgdf2fy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:21Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13697281",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpro.2026.101618"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Temporal Proteomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Mouse Lungs",
  "title_text": "Temporal Proteomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Mouse Lungs",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:20Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jpaafzgdf2fy",
  "venue": "Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP",
  "versions": []
}