{
  "abstract": "Beveled-tip flexible needles facilitate steering during minimally invasive procedures by producing a transverse force that induces deflection, enabling steering around critical anatomical organs. An optimal bevel tip configuration of a flexible needle efficiently divides the insertion force into axial and transverse components, enhancing steerability while simultaneously reducing tissue penetration resistance. A dual-bevel needle design featuring a 30° primary bevel and a 15° secondary bevel offers the advantage of high deflection with low insertion force and a minimal penetration force. Excessively high penetration force can lead to buckling, while a very low penetration force risks harming vital organs unnoticed. This new type of multi-bevel-angle needle has moderate penetration force with less insertion force and provides greater deflection. A comprehensive modeling approach combines Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material properties (to represent tissue behavior) with Euler-Bernoulli beam theory (to predict needle deflection). Experimental validation was conducted using agar-based tissue phantoms characterized by C10 = 46.72 kPa, C01 = − 35.12 kPa, and a Young’s modulus of 69.6 kPa. Results demonstrate that the (30 + 15)° dual-bevel needle achieved a deflection of 16.00 mm at an insertion depth of 130 mm, exceeding the performance of the single-bevel 15-degree needle (14.31 mm) and the single-bevel 30-degree needle (13.38 mm) by 12% and 19.5%, respectively, while maintaining a low insertion force of 2.34 N. The proposed analytical model demonstrates strong agreement with experimental data, achieving correlation coefficients above 0.95 for depths greater than 65 mm. A polynomial trajectory fitting accurately reconstructs full needle paths with an R2 value near 1.0 and RMSE below 0.15 mm. The multi-bevel-angle strategy with a computational platform improves the targeting accuracy for clinical applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Harbin University of Science and Technology",
    "College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "H. M. Muzzammil"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yongde Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Suoliang Niu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Bing Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qihang Yuan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jzg14rrbnmx9.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-62181-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62181-3",
  "id": "7jzg14rrbnmx9",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62181-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Soft Robotics and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7169716892",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-62181-3_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jzg14rrbnmx9.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:53Z",
      "native_id": "4323eee839d84a7fafb8d305cb17f6cc",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62181-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:R",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Biomechanical evaluation of multi-bevel angled flexible needle insertion to improve deflection and decrease insertion force",
  "title_text": "Biomechanical evaluation of multi-bevel angled flexible needle insertion to improve deflection and decrease insertion force",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:53Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7jzg14rrbnmx9",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}